Sublingual Immunotherapy for Food Allergy: Updates in Safety, Efficacy, and Future Considerations.

2026-01-03
Current allergy and asthma reports 26(1)
- Anna A Ilyasova
- Edwin H Kim

PubMed: 41484661
DOI: 10.1007/s11882-025-01244-3

Study Design

Type: Review
Population: children ages 1-11 years with peanut allergy

Purpose of the review

With the continued increase in the prevalence of food allergy and its significant associated medical and financial burden, there is a need for safe and effective treatment options for patients. The goal of this review is to summarize published data on the safety and efficacy of peanut sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) as a potential treatment option for children with food allergy.

Recent findings

Peanut SLIT has demonstrated clinically significant desensitization across 2 cohorts of children ages 1-11 years. In a study focused on 1-4-year-old peanut-allergic toddlers, even greater levels of desensitization as well as the potential for 3-month remission has been demonstrated. Small studies have also demonstrated potential efficacy with SLIT for other foods such as milk, hazelnut, and peach. Evidence to date supports SLIT as effective and safe and a potential future treatment option for children with food allergy.

Research Insights

Peanut→Achieved Remission
In a study focused on 1-4-year-old peanut-allergic toddlers, even greater levels of desensitization as well as the potential for 3-month remission has been demonstrated.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Peanut→Reduced Food Allergy Symptom Severity
Peanut SLIT has demonstrated clinically significant desensitization across 2 cohorts of children ages 1-11 years.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate

Adverse Events Reported

Peanut→Overall tolerability
Evidence to date supports SLIT as effective and safe and a potential future treatment option for children with food allergy.
Finding
Reported