Black Pepper and Increased Plasma Level

• Optimizing phenytoin therapy: a systematic review of clinically relevant food and herb interactions.

  • 2026-01-05
  • Systematic Review
  • Frontiers in pharmacology 16
  • • Adriana Monserrath Orellana-Paucar
    • Erick Thomas Mosquera-Lopez
    • Nancy Michelle Bustamante-Alvarez
    • María Gabriela Machado-Orellana
    • Daniela Alejandra Vintimilla-Rojas
    • John Diego Atiencia-Palacios
    • Ana Cristina Espinoza-Fajardo

  • PubMed: 41560756
  • DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1676685

  3 Insights on

  • Increased Plasma Level

  • High evidence

  Concurrent use of phenytoin and piperine should be monitored due to potential absorption and increases in plasma levels.

  Effect

  Harmful

  Effect size

  Moderate