Iodine and Increased Risk of Thyroid Nodule

• Correlations between iodine status and the risk of thyroid nodules, a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

  • 2026-01-27
  • Meta-Analysis · n = 54,621
  • Frontiers in endocrinology 17
  • • Changbo Lu
    • He Dong
    • Peishen Shi
    • Weichen Dong
    • Xinxin Wen
    • Qiuming Gao

  • PubMed: 41675569
  • DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2026.1711749

  1 Insight on

  • Increased Risk of Thyroid Nodule

  • High evidence
  • Clinical

  ...and excessive iodine (median UIC, 350 μg/L) categories (OR = 1.13, 95%CI=0.98-1.30)

  Effect

  Neutral

  Effect size

  Small

  Significant

  No

  Dose

  median urinary iodine concentration 350 μg/L (excessive) vs 150 μg/L (adequate)