Efficacy and safety of probiotic supplements on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
- 2025-11-25
- Meta-Analysis · n = 390
- BMC complementary medicine and therapies 25(1)
- Nancy Calzada-Gonzales
- Ismael Moreno-Colina
- Linn Chu-Fuentes
- Daniel Andrade-Girón
- Hugo E Tito-Chura
- Carlos Quispe-Vicuña
- Pedro I Torres-Balarezo
- Anthony Bautista-Pariona
- Joshuan J Barboza
- PubMed: 41291638
- DOI: 10.1186/s12906-025-05149-6
- High evidence
Probiotics did not reduce the risk of any adverse event (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.27; Certainty of evidence (CoE) was Very Low).
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
- Significant
- No