"Attacking" the Gut-Brain Axis with Psychobiotics: An Umbrella Review of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms.
- 2026-01-15
- Review
- Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) 19(1)
- Alberto Souza Sá Filho
- Tatiane Bastos Souza
- José Luís Rodrigues Martins
- Gunnar P H Dietz
- Katia Flávia Fernandes
- Stone de Sá
- Pedro Augusto Inacio
- Iransé Oliveira-Silva
- Gustavo Pedrino
- Vicente Aprigliano
- Gaspar R Chiappa
- James Oluwagbamigbe Fajemiroye
- PubMed: 41599756
- DOI: 10.3390/ph19010156
- Low evidence
findings for anxiety were markedly inconsistent, despite the modest improvements in specific subgroups (SMD = -0.19 [95% CI: -0.28 to -0.10]; p < 0.01).
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Significant
- Yes