Protective Effects of Lactobacillus curvatus Against Acute Lead and Cadmium Toxicity in Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii, Nordmann, 1840): Growth Performance, Chemical Composition, Hematological Characteristics, Serum Biochemical Parameters, and Immune Response.
- 2025-07-04
- Clinical Trial
- Biological trace element research 204(1)
- Afshin Fahim
- Masoumeh Anvari
- Alireza Valipour
- Mohammad Reza Safabakhsh
- PubMed: 40615769
- DOI: 10.1007/s12011-025-04677-z
- Low evidence
- Animal Study
Lactobacillus curvatus effectively mitigated the adverse effects of Pb and Cd exposure, underscoring its potential as a protective agent against heavy metal toxicity in Caspian kutum.
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate