Lactococcus lactis and Reduced Viral Load

• Oral vaccination via virus-like particles encapsulated in Lactococcus lactis.

  • 2026-02
  • Clinical Trial
  • Fish & shellfish immunology 169
  • • Hui Yee Hong
    • Lee Ching Pei Carmen
    • Pin Xuan Chee
    • Lim Xin Ying
    • Zhi Wei Wong
    • Janlin Chan
    • Mookkan Prabakaran
    • Daiwen Yang

  • PubMed: 41519596
  • DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.111013

  2 Insights on

  • Reduced Viral Load

  • Low evidence
  • Animal Study

  Challenge studies demonstrated a significant ∼2.5-log reduction in brain viral load 7 days post-challenge

  Effect

  Beneficial

  Effect size

  Large

  Significant

  Yes