Several supplements and compounds may contribute to improved cognition. Here's a summary of some that have been studied for their potential cognitive benefits:

1. Tyrosine and Caffeine: Tyrosine might help enhance cognitive performance in stressful situations, particularly in military contexts. Caffeine is known for improving vigilance, attention, and overall cognitive performance¹.

2. Herbal Bioactive Compounds: Herbs such as Bacopa monnieri, Panax ginseng, and Ginkgo biloba are recognized for their nootropic effects, which include memory enhancement and cognitive improvement. These herbs function through various mechanisms such as boosting neurotransmitter activity and improving blood flow to the brain².

3. Vitamins B and E: B-complex vitamins, especially folic acid, have shown positive effects on cognitive performance. High doses of vitamin E have also been noted to have some benefits³.

4. Polyphenols and Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Antioxidants like polyphenols and essential fatty acids such as omega-3s have been associated with improved cognitive functions. These nutrients can support brain health through antioxidant activity and structural support for brain cell membranes⁴.

5. Nootropic Agents: Compounds such as Aniracetam, Oxiracetam, and Piracetam are among nootropics used to enhance memory and cognition, although they might come with side effects⁵.

6. Choline and Curcumin: Both choline, a vital component for brain health, and curcumin, derived from turmeric, have shown potential in improving memory and cognitive functions⁶.

It is important to highlight that while some studies show promise, the effectiveness and safety of these supplements can vary, and not all claims made by supplement manufacturers are supported by rigorous scientific evidence⁷.

Footnotes

1. Diane E. Pomeroy, "A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance," PubMed Central, 2020. ↩

2. Swati Halder, "Herbal drugs and natural bioactive products as potential therapeutics: A review on pro-cognitives," PubMed Central, 2021. ↩

3. Victoria Gil Martínez, "Vitamin Supplementation and Dementia: A Systematic Review," PubMed Central, 2022. ↩

4. Samskruthi Madireddy, "Most Effective Combination of Nutraceuticals for Improved Memory and Cognitive Performance," PubMed Central, 2025. ↩

5. Diane E. Pomeroy, "A Systematic Review of the Effect of Dietary Supplements on Cognitive Performance," PubMed Central, 2020. ↩

6. Haley Hersant, "Over the Counter Supplements for Memory," PubMed, 2021. ↩

7. Cindy Crawford, "A Public Health Issue: Dietary Supplements Promoted for Brain Health," PubMed Central, 2020. ↩