The treatment options for asthenozoospermia (reduced sperm motility) and teratozoospermia (abnormal sperm morphology) often involve dietary supplements and antioxidants aimed at improving overall sperm quality. Below are some key supplements and their potential benefits:

Asthenozoospermia (Reduced Sperm Motility)

1. L-Carnitine: Known for its role in the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane, L-Carnitine is a natural antioxidant. Studies suggest it enhances sperm motility and serum levels of L-Carnitine are positively correlated with sperm motility¹².

2. Vitamin C and Vitamin E: Antioxidants such as Vitamin C and E can help reduce oxidative stress, which is often a contributing factor to reduced sperm motility³. Vitamin C has shown improvements in sperm count, motility, and morphology⁴.

3. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10): This antioxidant improves sperm parameters, including motility. It works by increasing mitochondrial activity and reducing oxidative stress⁵.

4. Zinc and Selenium: These trace elements are important for sperm quality. Zinc deficiency is related to reduced sperm motility, and supplementation can result in improvement³.

Teratozoospermia (Abnormal Sperm Morphology)

1. Carnitines: Adding carnitines in the diet helps in improving sperm morphology, as carnitine acts as an antioxidant and influences the mitochondrial function¹.

2. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10): In addition to improving sperm motility, CoQ10 has been noted to improve morphology by enhancing the antioxidant defense mechanisms⁵.

3. Folic Acid: It aids in DNA synthesis and repair, which could help improve sperm morphology. Combining folic acid with zinc has shown positive effects on sperm morphology¹.

Combination Therapy

Studies indicate that combination antioxidant therapy can improve multiple aspects of sperm parameters. For instance, simultaneous administration of Vitamin C and Vitamin E has been shown to reduce DNA damage in sperm⁵.

Summary

For both conditions, it is advisable to consider the following supplements:

• L-Carnitine
• Vitamin C and E
• Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)
• Zinc and Selenium
• Folic Acid

It is important to consult a healthcare provider before starting any supplementation, as they can tailor the treatment based on individual needs and health status.

Footnotes

1. Fotios Dimitriadis, "Antioxidant Supplementation on Male Fertility—A Systematic Review," NCBI, 2023. ↩ ↩² ↩³

2. Filipa G. Mateus, "L-Carnitine and Male Fertility: Is Supplementation Beneficial?" NCBI, 2023. ↩

3. Sedigheh Ahmadi, "Antioxidant supplements and semen parameters: An evidence-based review," PubMed, 2024. ↩ ↩²

4. Mohammed Akmal, "Improvement in human semen quality after oral supplementation of vitamin C," PubMed, 2024. ↩

5. Kazutaka Terai, "Combination therapy with antioxidants improves total motile sperm counts: A Preliminary Study," NCBI, 2024. ↩ ↩² ↩³