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Abstract

Scope: The present study aims to assess the antidiabetic effect of Lactobacillus paracasei strain NL41 and its potential mechanisms in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) induced by a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin administration (HFD/STZ).

Methods and results: Eighteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats are randomly assigned to three groups: one control, one HFD/STZ model, and one HFD/STZ-Lactobacillus protection group with administration of strain NL41 for 12 weeks. Blood is collected for biochemical parameters analysis and tissue samples for histological analysis. Treatment with strain NL41 results in excellent blood glucose regulation and significantly decreases insulin resistance, and HbA1c, glucagon, and leptin levels, accompanied by remarkable improvement of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress status in the animals. Islets of Langerhans, liver, and kidney are significantly protected in the NL41-treated rats compared to the HFD/STZ-T2DM model rats. Histochemistry shows that strain NL41 inhibits beta-cell loss and alpha-cell expansion, indicating pancreatic islets as the targeted tissues for the primary ameliorative effect of the probiotic strain on HFD/STZ-T2DM rats. Crosstalk between the gut-liver and liver-pancreas endocrine axes is discussed.

Conclusion: Probiotic strain NL41 prevents HFD/STZ-T2DM by decreasing insulin resistance and oxidative stress status, and protecting beta-cell function.

Keywords: Lactobacillus paracasei NL41; antidiabetic effects; blood glucose; probiotics; type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Lactobacillus casei SD-5842Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei SD-5842Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei SD-5842Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiImproved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiPreserved Islets of LangerhansBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiPrevention of Beta-Cell LossBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiReduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiReduced Blood Leptin LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracaseiReduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Improved Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Improved Lipid ProfileBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Reduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei 431Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei DSM 13434Improved Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei DSM 13434Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei DSM 13434Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei DSM 13434Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196Improved Lipid ProfileBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei HA-196Regulated Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Improved Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Improved DyslipidemiaBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Preserved Beta-Cell FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Reduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Reduced Glucagon LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502Reduced Leptin LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Improved Blood Glucose ControlBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Improved Insulin ResistanceBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09Reduction of Diabetes-Induced Organ DamageBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849Improved Beta-Cell FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849Improved Glucose RegulationBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei MCC1849Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Improved Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Improved Lipid ProfileBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Alpha-cell ExpansionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Beta-Cell LossBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Blood Leptin LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALs-04Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALs-04Reduced Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALs-04Reduced Glucagon LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei UALs-04Reduced Leptin LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei UALpc-04Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei UALpc-04Improved Lipid ProfileBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei UALpc-04Preserved Islet FunctionBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei UALpc-04Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Improved Blood Glucose LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Improved Insulin SensitivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Improved Lipid ProfileBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Preserved Islets of LangerhansBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Reduced Alpha-cell ExpansionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Reduced Beta-Cell LossBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Reduced Blood HbA1c LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus paracasei VPro 224Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
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