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Abstract

Bifidobacterium is one of the most promising probiotics which was recently used as an alternative growth promoter in poultry. This trial was considered to evaluate the potential effects of in ovo administration of Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bifidobacterium longum on growth performance and biochemical parameters of broilers. Three hundred broiler breeder eggs were incubated and candled individually at day 17 of embryogenesis; then, eggs that had live embryos were randomly divided into six groups. The first and second groups were of intact (without injection) and vehicle-injected (sterile distilled water) control groups, respectively. Other groups were in ovo injected with 1 × 109 and 1 × 107 CFU B. bifidum, and 1 × 109 and 1 × 107 CFU B. longum, respectively. Hatchability was significantly (P < 0.001) affected by in ovo inoculation of bifidobacteria strains. Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved (P = 0.014 and 0.019, respectively) in all treatment groups. Protein fractions, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase activities were not significantly altered by bifidobacteria strains in ovo injection. Regarding ileal histomorphometry parameters, a significant elevation in villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio values were recorded while crypt depth was insignificantly affected by in ovo treatments. It could be concluded that the tested manual method of in-yolk sac injection at day 17 of incubation is more favorable in easier delivering of bifidobacteria strains which improve broiler growth performance and ileal development without any undesirable effects on blood indices and liver and renal functions.

Keywords: Bifidobacteria; Blood indices; Broilers; Growth performance; Histomorphology; In ovo injection.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Bifidobacterium bifidumImproved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidumImproved Intestinal DevelopmentBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium bifidumUnchanged Biochemical ParametersNeutral
Small
Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1Improved Body WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1Improved Feed Conversion RatioBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum MAK53B66BImproved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum MAK53B66BIncreased Villus HeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6575Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6575Improved Ileal HistomorphometryBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6575No Significant Change in Blood IndicesNeutral
Small
Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6575Reduced HatchabilityNeutral
Large
Bifidobacterium bifidum UABb-10Enhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum UABb-10Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51Improved Ileal HistomorphometryBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum BI-05Enhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum MAK34B12LEnhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum MAK34B12LImproved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175Enhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum SD-5588Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum SD-5588Improved Intestinal DevelopmentBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum SP54Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum SP54Improved Intestinal DevelopmentBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumEnhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumImproved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Enhanced Ileal DevelopmentBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum UABl-14Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum UABl-14Improved Intestinal DevelopmentBeneficial
Large
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