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Association between dietary vitamin B1 intake and cognitive function among older adults: a cross-sectional study.

  • 2024-02-16
  • Journal of translational medicine 22(1)
    • Weiai Jia
    • Hemei Wang
    • Chao Li
    • Jingpu Shi
    • Fangfang Yong
    • Huiqun Jia

Study Design

Type
Observational
Sample size
n = 2,422
Population
2422 participants aged 60 years and older from NHANES 2011-2014
Methods
Cross-sectional observational study utilizing data from NHANES 2011-2014; dietary vitamin B1 intake determined by averaging two 24-h dietary recalls; cognitive function assessed using DSST, AFT, and CERAD subtest; multivariate linear regression models

Background

This study aims to investigate the relationship between vitamin B1 intake and cognitive function in older adults.

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. A total of 2422 participants were included in the analysis, with dietary vitamin B1 intake being determined by averaging two 24-h dietary recalls. Cognitive function was assessed using three cognitive function tests: the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) for processing speed, the Animal Fluency Test (AFT) for executive function, a Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD) subtest for memory. Test-specific and global cognition z score was created. Multivariate linear regression models were used to explore the association between vitamin B1 and cognitive function.

Results

2422 participants, aged 60 years and older, were included from NHANES across two survey cycles (2011-2014). Higher vitamin B1 intake was associated with higher DSST, AFT scores (P < 0.001) as well as the global cognition z score (P = 0.008). In the fully adjusted model, as compared to the lowest quartile (Q1), the highest quartile (Q4) of vitamin B1 intake was related to higher DSST score (β = 2.23, 95% CI 0.79 ~ 3.67) and global cognition z sore (β = 0.09, 95% CI 0.02 ~ 0.16). The association between dietary vitamin B1 intake and cognitive function scores in US adults is linear. There was no detected significant statistical interaction between these variables.

Conclusions

Increased dietary intake of vitamin B1 was associated with better cognitive function in individuals aged over 60.

Research Insights

  • Vitamin B1→Improved Cognitive Function

    Higher vitamin B1 intake was associated with higher AFT scores (P < 0.001)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Vitamin B1→Improved Global Cognition

    Higher vitamin B1 intake was associated with higher global cognition z score (P = 0.008); the highest quartile (Q4) of vitamin B1 intake was related to higher global cognition z sore (β = 0.09, 95% CI 0.02 ~ 0.16)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Vitamin B1→Improved Processing Speed

    Higher vitamin B1 intake was associated with higher DSST scores (P < 0.001); as compared to the lowest quartile (Q1), the highest quartile (Q4) of vitamin B1 intake was related to higher DSST score (β = 2.23, 95% CI 0.79 ~ 3.67)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
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