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Bifidobacterium breve with α-linolenic acid alters the composition, distribution and transcription factor activity associated with metabolism and absorption of fat

  • 2017-03-07
  • Scientific Reports 7(1)
    • E. Patterson
    • E. Patterson
    • R. Wall
    • R. Wall
    • Sara Lisai
    • R. Ross
    • T. Dinan
    • J. Cryan
    • G. Fitzgerald
    • S. Banni
    • E. Quigley
    • F. Shanahan
    • C. Stanton
    • C. Stanton

Abstract

This study focused on the mechanisms that fatty acid conjugating strains - Bifidobacterium breve NCIMB 702258 and Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 - influence lipid metabolism when ingested with α-linolenic acid (ALA) enriched diet. Four groups of BALB/c mice received ALA enriched diet (3% (w/w)) either alone or in combination with B. breve NCIMB 702258 or B. breve DPC 6330 (109 CFU/day) or unsupplemented control diet for six weeks. The overall n-3 PUFA score was increased in all groups receiving the ALA enriched diet. Hepatic peroxisomal beta oxidation increased following supplementation of the ALA enriched diet with B. breve (P < 0.05) and so the ability of the strains to produce c9t11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was identified in adipose tissue. Furthermore, a strain specific effect of B. breve NCIMB 702258 was found on the endocannabinoid system (ECS). Liver triglycerides (TAG) were reduced following ALA supplementation, compared with unsupplemented controls (P < 0.01) while intervention with B. breve further reduced liver TAG (P < 0.01), compared with the ALA enriched control. These data indicate that the interactions of the gut microbiota with fatty acid metabolism directly affect host health by modulating n-3 PUFA score and the ECS.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Bifidobacterium breveAltered Endocannabinoid System Function Due to Specific StrainNeutral
Small
Bifidobacterium breveEnhanced Hepatic Peroxisomal Beta OxidationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breveIncreased c9t11 CLA Production in Adipose TissueBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breveIncreased n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breveReduced Liver Triglyceride ContentBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium breve R0070Enhanced Hepatic Peroxisomal Beta OxidationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breve R0070Increased n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breve R0070Modulated Endocannabinoid SystemBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breve R0070Reduced Liver Triglyceride ContentBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium breve Rosell-70Enhanced Hepatic Peroxisomal Beta OxidationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breve Rosell-70Increased n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium breve Rosell-70Reduced Liver TriglyceridesBeneficial
Large
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