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Can flaxseed supplementation affect circulating adipokines in adults? An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

  • 2023-09-07
  • Frontiers in nutrition 10
    • Shaghayegh Abbasi
    • Kiana Karimi
    • Amir Hossein Moridpour
    • Vali Musazadeh
    • Amir Hossein Faghfouri
    • Hannane Jozi

Study Design

Type
Systematic Review
Methods
Systematically, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published up to December 2022. Based on random-effect models, standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for net changes in adipokine concentrations.

Introduction

The findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of flaxseed on adipokine concentrations are conflicting. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to provide definite and conclusive results.

Methods

Systematically, Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant literature published up to December 2022. Based on random-effect models, standard mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for net changes in adipokine concentrations.

Results

Overall, 13 RCTs (15 arms) were eligible to be included. The results indicated that leptin was significantly reduced after the intervention with flaxseed supplement (SMD = -0.69, 95% CI: -1.37, -0.01; p = 0.048; I2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001). In addition, flaxseed supplements had no considerable effect on plasma adiponectin (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI: -0.20, 1.25, p = 0.159; I2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001).

Discussion

Flaxseed significantly improves leptin but does not affect adiponectin concentrations. Additional future well-designed trials are required to further assess the potential benefits of flaxseed on adipokines in humans.

Research Insights

  • flaxseed→Increased Adiponectin Levels

    In addition, flaxseed supplements had no considerable effect on plasma adiponectin (SMD = 0.52, 95% CI: -0.20, 1.25, p = 0.159; I^2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001).

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    supplementation (dose not specified in abstract)
  • flaxseed→Reduced Leptin Levels

    The results indicated that leptin was significantly reduced after the intervention with flaxseed supplement (SMD = -0.69, 95% CI: -1.37, -0.01; p = 0.048; I^2 = 92.0%, p < 0.001).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
    Dose
    supplementation (dose not specified in abstract)
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