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Abstract

M18 strain of Streptococcus salivarius is a bacterial replacement probiotic that has been suggested for use in the oral cavity. Here, we have shown that S. salivarius M18 cell-free supernatant reduced the growth of the two most common human pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia and sensitized the pathogenic bacteria to antibiotic. Besides, the supernatant inhibited biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa drastically. For pinpointing the biomolecular changes that occurred in P. aeruginosa incubated with the probiotic supernatant, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used. Unsupervised learning algorithms, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and intensity analyses of individual spectral bands exhibited comprehensive alterations in the polysaccharide and lipid contents and compositions of P. aeruginosa cultivated with S. salivarius M18 cell-free supernatant. These results indicate that S. salivarius M18 has the potential for the prevention or alleviation of different pathogen-induced infections along with the infections of oral pathogens.

Keywords: Biofilm; Klebsiella pneumonia; Lipid; Polysaccharide; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Streptococcus salivarius M18.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Streptococcus salivariusAltered Pathogenic Bacterial BiomoleculesBeneficial
Moderate
Streptococcus salivariusImproved Antibiotic SensitivityBeneficial
Moderate
Streptococcus salivariusReduced Biofilm FormationBeneficial
Large
Streptococcus salivariusReduced Pathogen GrowthBeneficial
Moderate
Streptococcus salivarius M18Increased Antibiotic SensitizationBeneficial
Moderate
Streptococcus salivarius M18Reduced Biofilm FormationBeneficial
Large
Streptococcus salivarius M18Reduced Pathogen GrowthBeneficial
Moderate
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