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Abstract

Lactobacillus delbrueckii represents a technologically relevant member of lactic acid bacteria, since the two subspecies bulgaricus and lactis are widely associated with fermented dairy products. In the present work, we report the characterization of two commercial strains belonging to L. delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus, lactis and a novel strain previously isolated from a traditional fermented fresh cheese. A phenomic approach was performed by combining metabolomic and proteomic analysis of the three strains, which were subsequently supplemented as food source to the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, with the final aim to evaluate their possible probiotic effects. Restriction analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA revealed that the novel foodborne strain belonged to L. delbrueckii subspecies lactis. Proteomic and metabolomic approaches showed differences in folate, aminoacid and sugar metabolic pathways among the three strains. Moreover, evaluation of C. elegans lifespan, larval development, brood size, and bacterial colonization capacity demonstrated that L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus diet exerted beneficial effects on nematodes. On the other hand, both L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis strains affected lifespan and larval development. We have characterized three strains belonging to L. delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus and lactis highlighting their divergent origin. In particular, the two closely related isolates L. delbrueckii subspecies lactis display different galactose metabolic capabilities. Moreover, the L. delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus strain demonstrated potential probiotic features. Combination of omic platforms coupled with in vivo screening in the simple model organism C. elegans is a powerful tool to characterize industrially relevant bacterial isolates.

Keywords: Lactobacillus delbrueckii metabolism; bacterial folate biosynthesis; bacterial galactose metabolism; foodborne bacteria; lactic acid bacteria; tagatose pathway.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
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Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB42Improved LifespanBeneficial
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Lactobacillus bulgaricus SD-6833Extended Lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegansBeneficial
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Lactobacillus delbrueckiiEnhanced Larval DevelopmentBeneficial
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Lactobacillus delbrueckiiExtended LifespanBeneficial
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Lactobacillus delbrueckiiImpaired Larval DevelopmentHarmful
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Lactobacillus delbrueckiiReduced LifespanHarmful
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Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus UALb-15Improved Nematode HealthBeneficial
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Lactobacillus delbrueckii VPro 315Enhanced Larval Development in Caenorhabditis elegansBeneficial
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Lactobacillus delbrueckii VPro 315Increased LifespanBeneficial
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