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Daily Intake of Fermented Milk Containing Lactobacillus casei Shirota (Lcs) Modulates Systemic and Upper Airways Immune/Inflammatory Responses in Marathon Runners

  • 2019-07-22
  • Nutrients 11(7)
    • M. Vaisberg
    • V. Paixão
    • E. Almeida
    • Juliana M. B. Santos
    • R. Foster
    • Marcelo N. Rossi
    • T. Pithon-Curi
    • R. Gorjão
    • C. M. Momesso
    • M. Andrade
    • J. R. Araújo
    • M. C. Garcia
    • M. Cohen
    • E. C. Perez
    • A. Santos-Dias
    • R. Vieira
    • A. Bachi

Abstract

Background: Although Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) can benefit the immune status, the effects of LcS in the immune/inflammatory responses of marathon runners has never been evaluated. Therefore, here we evaluated the effect of daily ingestion of fermented milk containing or not LcS in the systemic and upper airway immune/inflammatory responses before and after a marathon.

Methods: Forty-two male marathon runners ingested a fermented milk containing 40 billion of LcS/day (LcS group, n = 20) or placebo (unfermented milk, n = 22) during 30 days pre-marathon. Immune/inflammatory parameters in nasal mucosa and serum, as well as concentrations of secretory IgA (SIgA) and antimicrobial peptides in saliva, were evaluated before and after fermented milk ingestion, immediately, 72 h, and 14 d post-marathon.

Results: Higher proinflammatory cytokine levels in serum and nasal mucosa, and also lower salivary levels of SIgA and antimicrobial peptides, were found immediately post-marathon in the placebo group compared to other time points and to LcS group. In opposite, higher anti-inflammatory levels and reduced neutrophil infiltration on nasal mucosa were found in the LcS group compared to other time points and to the placebo group.

Conclusion: For the first time, it is shown that LcS is able to modulate the systemic and airways immune responses post-marathon.

Keywords: antimicrobial peptides; cytokines; neutrophil infiltration; probiotics; secretory immunoglobulin A.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Lactobacillus casei HA-108Increased Anti-Inflammatory LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei HA-108Reduced Nasal Mucosa Neutrophil InfiltrationBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei Lc-11Reduced Nasal Mucosa Neutrophil InfiltrationBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei LC03Increased Anti-Inflammatory LevelsBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus casei LC03Modulated Systemic Immune ResponseBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus casei LC03Modulated Upper Airway Immune ResponseBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus casei LC03Reduced Nasal Mucosa Neutrophil InfiltrationBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus rhamnosus LCS-742Improved Airway Immune ResponseBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus rhamnosus LCS-742Improved Immune ResponseBeneficial
Large
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