Dried lemon peel enriched diet improves antioxidant activity, immune response and modulates immuno-antioxidant genes in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas sorbia.
- 2020-11
- Fish & shellfish immunology 106
- Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Subramanian Thamizharasan
- Gunapathy Devi
- Hien Van Doan
- Thipramalai Thankappan Ajith Kumar
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Chellam Balasundaram
- PubMed: 32858188
- DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.040
Study Design
- Population
- Labeo rohita
- Methods
- diet enriched with dried lemon (Citrus limon) peel at three different levels (0, 1, 2.5, and 5 g kg<sup>-1</sup>) for a period of 60 days; impact on hematology, antioxidant activity, immunological reaction, and gene expression against Aeromonas sorbia
- Duration
- 60 days
- Animal Study
The effect of diet enriched with dried lemon (Citrus limon) peel was fed to Labeo rohita at three different levels (0, 1, 2.5, and 5 g kg-1) for a period of 60 days; the impact of the diet on the hematology, antioxidant activity and immunological reaction and gene expression against Aeromonas sorbia is reported. In both un-challenged and challenged groups treated with 2.5 g and 5 g kg-1 dried lemon peel diets, the enhanced significant changes are: the weight gain and specific growth rate, white blood cell and total protein content, the antioxidants: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione activities, the respiratory burst, alternative complement pathway, complement C3, and total immunoglobulin M levels. Similarly, the heat shock protein-70 and -90, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, interleukin-1β and -8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, inducible nitric oxide synthase, transforming growth factor beta, and immunoglobulin M were up-regulated significantly. Any dried lemon peel enriched diet increased the phagocytic and lysozyme activities significantly in both groups. In the un-challenged group treated with 0 g kg-1 diet or in both groups treated with 2.5 g kg-1 diet the SR was 100%. These results indicate that in both un-challenged and challenged-treated groups the 2.5 and 5 g kg-1 dried lemon peel enriched diets positively modulate growth rate, physiology, and antioxidant status, innate-adaptive immune response as well as antioxidant and immune related gene expression in L. rohita against A. sorbia.