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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementing Bacillus subtilis and an antibiotic (Zinc bacitracin) in the diet of broilers on growth performance, organ weight, blood metabolites, and digestive enzymes of broiler chickens. A total of 600 1-d Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted to five treatments. Each treatment consisted of six replicates with four pens, and each pen had five birds. The chicks were fed (1) the basal diet (control), (2) the basal diet with 500 mg/kg Zinc bacitracin (APZ), (3) the basal diet with B. subtilis at 1 × 108 CFU/g (B.Sut-1), (4) the basal diet with B. subtilis at 3 × 108 CFU/g (B.Sut-3), and (5) the basal diet with B. subtilis at 5 × 108 CFU/g (B.Sut-5). The experiment lasted for 42 days. In this study, the supplementation of diets with B. subtilis (B.Sut-3 and B.Sut-5 groups) increased body weight gain from 1 to 21 days compared with control (p < 0.05). Additionally, the B.Sut-3 group had a significantly heavier bursa of Fabricius than control at 21 days (p < 0.05). Serum total protein, albumin, and high-density lipoprotein concentrations were increased in B.Sut-5 and APZ groups (p < 0.05) over the whole period. Serum low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and total cholesterol concentrations were decreased in B.Sut-5 and APZ groups at 21 and 42 days (p < 0.05). Chicks in the B.Sut-5 and APZ groups had higher serum lipase, pepsin, and amylase activities (p < 0.05) at 21 and 42 days. From the results obtained from the study, it can be concluded that Bacillus subtilis ATCC19659 at 5 × 108 CFU/g could be applied as an alternative to antibiotics in poultry diets.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis; blood indices; digestive enzyme activity; growth performance; organ weight.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Body WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Bursa of Fabricius WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased High-Density Lipoprotein LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Serum Albumin LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Serum Amylase ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Serum Lipase LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Serum Pepsinogen ActivityBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisIncreased Serum Total Protein LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisReduced Low-Density Lipoprotein LevelBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisReduced Serum Total CholesterolBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisReduced TriglyceridesBeneficial
Large
Bacillus SubtilisReduced Very Low-Density LipoproteinBeneficial
Large
Bacillus subtilis AB22Increased Body Weight GainBeneficial
Large
Bacillus subtilis AB22Increased Bursa of Fabricius WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE11Enhanced Digestive Enzyme ActivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE11Increased Body WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE11Increased Caecal WeightBeneficial
Small
Bacillus subtilis DE111Enhanced Digestive Enzyme ActivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE111Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Large
Bacillus subtilis DE111Improved Serum Biochemical HA LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE111Increased Bursa of Fabricius WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis DE111Reduced Harmful Lipid LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis HU58Enhanced Digestive Enzyme ActivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis HU58Increased Body WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis HU58Increased Bursa of Fabricius WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis MB40Increased Body WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis MB40Increased Bursa of Fabricius WeightBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis SNZ-1972Enhanced Digestive Enzyme ActivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis SNZ-1972Improved Growth PerformanceBeneficial
Large
Bacillus subtilis SNZ-1972Increased Caecal WeightBeneficial
Small
Bacillus subtilis SNZ-1972Increased Serum Protein LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bacillus subtilis SNZ-1972Reduced Serum Total Cholesterol LevelsBeneficial
Large
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