Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 on common cold episodes: a double blind, randomized, controlled trial.
- 2005-08
- Clinical Nutrition 24(4)
- M. de Vrese
- P. Winkler
- P. Rautenberg
- T. Harder
- C. Noah
- C. Laue
- S. Ott
- J. Hampe
- S. Schreiber
- K. Heller
- J. Schrezenmeir
- PubMed: 16054520
- DOI: 10.1016/J.CLNU.2005.02.006
Abstract
Background & aims: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the consumption of Lactobacillus gasseri PA 16/8, Bifidobacterium longum SP 07/3, B. bifidum MF 20/5 (5 x 10(7) cfu/tablet) during at least 3 months influences the severity of symptoms and the incidence and duration of the common cold.
Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study was performed over at least 3 months during two winter/spring periods. Four hundred and seventy nine healthy adults (aged 18-67) were supplemented daily with vitamins and minerals with or without the probiotic bacteria. Cellular immune parameters were evaluated in a randomly drawn subgroup of 122 volunteers before and after 14 days of supplementation. During common cold episodes, the participants recorded symptoms daily. Stool samples were collected before and after 14 days of probiotic supplementation to quantify fecal Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria using qRT-PCR.
Results: The total symptom score, the duration of common cold episodes, and days with fever during an episode were lower in the probiotic-treated group than in the control group: 79.3+/-7.4 vs. 102.5+/-12.2 points (P = 0.056), 7.0+/-0.5 vs. 8.9+/-1.0 days (P = 0.045), 0.24+/-0.1 vs. 1.0+/-0.3 days (P = 0.017). A significantly higher enhancement of cytotoxic plus T suppressor cells (CD8+) and a higher enhancement of T helper cells (CD4+) was observed in the probiotic-treated group. Fecal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria increased significantly after probiotic supplementation.
Conclusions: The intake of probiotic bacteria during at least 3 months significantly shortened common cold episodes by almost 2 days and reduced the severity of symptoms.
Research Insights
| Supplement | Health Outcome | Effect Type | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bifidobacterium bifidum | Improved Immune Response | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 | Enhanced Immune System Function | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold Episodes | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6576 | Improved Immune Response | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum SD-6576 | Reduced Symptom Severity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum UABb-10 | Enhanced CD4+ Immune Response | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum UABb-10 | Enhanced CD8+ Immune Response | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum UABb-10 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51 | Increased CD8+ T Cells | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51 | Reduced Fever Duration During Common Cold | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum VPro 51 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis BS01 | Improved Cellular Immune Response | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium lactis BS01 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold Episodes | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis BS01 | Reduced Fever Duration | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium lactis BS01 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis/longum | Enhanced Cytotoxic T Suppressor Cells (CD8+) | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis/longum | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis/longum | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis/longum | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis MAK16B42L | Enhanced Immune Cell Activity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium lactis MAK16B42L | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum BI-05 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum BI-05 | Increased CD8+ T Cells | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum BI-05 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum BI-05 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum BL03 | Improved Cellular Immune Response | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium longum BL03 | Reduced Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 | Improved Cellular Immune Response | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 | Reduced Fever Duration During Common Cold | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 ME | Improved Immune Response | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 ME | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum Rosell-175 ME | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum SP54 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum SP54 | Reduced Symptom Severity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14 | Improved Cellular Immune Response | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri | Reduced Duration of Common Cold Episodes | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold Episodes | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Reduced Fever Duration During Common Cold | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Reduced Symptom Severity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LAC-343 | Enhanced Immune Cell Activity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LAC-343 | Reduced Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LBV 150N | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LBV 150N | Increased CD8+ T Cells | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Enhanced Immune Function | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Increased Gut Microbiota | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Increased CD8+ T Cells | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Reduced Fever Duration During Common Cold | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Enhanced Cytotoxic T Suppressor Cells (CD8+) | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Increased CD4+ T Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold Episodes | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Reduced Fever Duration During Common Cold | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri UALg-05 | Improved Immune Function | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri UALg-05 | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus lactis LI-23 | Improved Immune Response | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus lactis LI-23 | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus lactis LI-23 | Reduced Fever Duration | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus lactis LI-23 | Reduced Symptom Severity | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus sporogenes | Improved T Helper Cell Count | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus sporogenes | Reduced Duration of Common Cold | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus sporogenes | Reduced Fever Duration | Beneficial | Large |
| Lactobacillus sporogenes | Reduced Severity of Common Cold Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
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