Effect of Probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius UBL S22 and Prebiotic Fructo-oligosaccharide on Serum Lipids, Inflammatory Markers, Insulin Sensitivity, and Gut Bacteria in Healthy Young Volunteers

2014-10-20
Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics 20(3)
- H. Rajkumar
- Manoj Kumar
- Nilita Das
- Subramanian Hari Subbish Kumar
- Hanumanth R. Challa
- R. Nagpal

PubMed: 25331262
DOI: 10.1177/1074248414555004

Study Design

Type: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Sample size: n = 45
Population: Healthy young individuals
Methods: Controlled experimental study

Highly Cited

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of 6-week supplementation of a probiotic strain Lactobacillus salivarius UBL S22 with or without prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) on serum lipid profiles, immune responses, insulin sensitivity, and gut lactobacilli in 45 healthy young individuals. The patients were divided into 3 groups (15/group), that is, placebo, probiotic, and synbiotic. After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo; however, the results of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were more pronounced in the synbiotic group. Similarly, when compared to the placebo group, the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly (P < .05) reduced in both the experimental groups, but again the reduction in the synbiotic group was more pronounced. Also, an increase (P < .05) in the fecal counts of total lactobacilli and a decrease (P < .05) in coliforms and Escherichia coli was observed in both the experimental groups after 6 weeks of ingestion. Overall, the combination of L salivarius with FOS was observed to be more beneficial than L salivarius alone, thereby advocating that such synbiotic combinations could be therapeutically exploited for improved health and quality of life.

Keywords: Lactobacillus salivarius; fructo-oligosaccharides; inflammation; insulin resistance; prebiotics; probiotics; synbiotics.

Research Insights

Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Improved Insulin Sensitivity
This study investigated the effect of 6-week supplementation... on... insulin sensitivity... Overall, the combination of L salivarius with FOS was observed to be more beneficial than L salivarius alone...
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Increased HDL Cholesterol Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant [...] increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Increased Lactobacilli Levels
Also, an increase (P < .05) in the fecal counts of total lactobacilli ... was observed in both the experimental groups after 6 weeks of ingestion.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Reduced Inflammatory Response
Similarly, when compared to the placebo group, the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly (P < .05) reduced in both the experimental groups, but again the reduction in the synbiotic group was more pronounced.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Reduced LDL Cholesterol
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in [...] low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo; however, the results of [...] LDL-cholesterol were more pronounced in the synbiotic group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Reduced Total Cholesterol Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in total cholesterol [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Reduced Triglyceride Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in [...] triglycerides [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
Also, an increase (P < .05) in the fecal counts of total lactobacilli and a decrease (P < .05) in coliforms and Escherichia coli was observed in both the experimental groups after 6 weeks of ingestion.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Improved Lipid Profile
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo; however, the results of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were more pronounced in the synbiotic group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Reduced Inflammatory Response
Similarly, when compared to the placebo group, the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly (P < .05) reduced in both the experimental groups, but again the reduction in the synbiotic group was more pronounced.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
Also, an increase (P < .05) in the fecal counts of total lactobacilli and a decrease (P < .05) in coliforms and Escherichia coli was observed in both the experimental groups after 6 weeks of ingestion.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Improved Lipid Profile
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides and increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo; however, the results of total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were more pronounced in the synbiotic group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Increased HDL Cholesterol Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant [...] increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Reduced Inflammatory Response
Similarly, when compared to the placebo group, the serum concentrations of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α were significantly (P < .05) reduced in both the experimental groups, but again the reduction in the synbiotic group was more pronounced.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Reduced LDL Cholesterol
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in [...] low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo; however, the results of [...] LDL-cholesterol were more pronounced in the synbiotic group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Reduced Total Cholesterol Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in total cholesterol [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Reduced Triglyceride Levels
After 6 weeks, a significant reduction (P < .05) in [...] triglycerides [...] was observed in the probiotic as well as in the synbiotic group when compared to placebo.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate