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Effects of Aronia melanocarpa on Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Quasi-Design Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.

  • 2022-06-01
  • The review of diabetic studies : RDS 18(2)
    • Christine B Christiansen
    • Fredrik B Mellbye
    • Kjeld Hermansen
    • Per B Jeppesen
    • Søren Gregersen

Study Design

Type
Systematic Review
Population
individuals with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors (e.g., type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, overweight, central obesity, smoking)
Methods
Systematic search on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane; inclusion criteria were studies with Aronia as intervention in individuals with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors; four studies were used for quantitative analysis
Funding
Unclear
OBJECTIVES: Aronia melanocarpa (Aronia) is a shrub with small berries, chokeberries. Chokeberries are claimed to possess health benefits due to a high content of polyphenols. Aronia is known to be extremely antioxidant; however, evidence for its health benefits is not established. This review gives an overview of the impact of Aronia on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases. METHODS: Seventeen studies on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases were identified through a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria were studies with Aronia as intervention, performed in individuals with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors, e. g., type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, overweight, central obesity and smoking. Four of these studies were applicable for a quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure. The quantitative analysis revealed a mean reduction in blood glucose of 0.44 mmol/l (P=0.0001) in the treatment group compared with the control group suggesting that Aronia treatment may have a beneficial impact on blood glucose. In addition, treatment durations of 6 weeks to 3 months tended to decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, while shorter treatment durations had no effect on LDL cholesterol. The quantitative analysis did not provide data on long-term effects of Aronia on lipids. CONCLUSIONS: More long-term high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify if dietary supplementation with Aronia has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic diseases.

Research Insights

  • Aronia→Increased High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

    Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced Blood Cholesterol

    Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced Blood Glucose Levels

    The quantitative analysis revealed a mean reduction in blood glucose of 0.44 mmol/l (P=0.0001) in the treatment group compared with the control group suggesting that Aronia treatment may have a beneficial impact on blood glucose.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced Blood Pressure

    Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced Body Weight

    Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced LDL Cholesterol

    In addition, treatment durations of 6 weeks to 3 months tended to decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, while shorter treatment durations had no effect on LDL cholesterol.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
  • Aronia→Reduced Triglyceride Levels

    Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure.

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
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