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Effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone mineral density at different sites and bone metabolism in the middle-aged and elderly population.

  • 2024-12-11
  • Bone & joint research 13(12)
    • Chenqi Xie
    • Jianbao Gong
    • Chenglong Zheng
    • Junwei Zhang
    • Jie Gao
    • Chunyan Tian
    • Xiaofei Guo
    • Shiyou Dai
    • Tianlin Gao

Study Design

Type
Systematic Review
Population
middle-aged and older adults
Methods
Databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were thoroughly searched from inception to July 2023

Aims

This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD) at various sites and bone metabolism in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods

The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were thoroughly searched from inception to July 2023.

Results

The results revealed that vitamin K supplementation increased BMD at the lumbar spine (p = 0.035). Moreover, the pooled effects demonstrated a notable increase in carboxylated osteocalcin (cOC) (p = 0.004), a decrease in uncarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) (p < 0.001), and no significant effect on total osteocalcin (tOC) (p = 0.076). Accordingly, the ratio of cOC to ucOC (p = 0.002) significantly increased, while the ratio of ucOC to tOC decreased (p = 0.043). However, there was no significant effect of vitamin K supplementation on other bone metabolism markers, such as cross-linked telopeptide of type 1 collagen (NTx), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP). Subgroup analysis revealed that vitamin K notably enhanced bone health in females by increasing lumbar spine BMD (p = 0.028) and decreasing ucOC (p < 0.001). Vitamin K, especially vitamin K2, exhibited effects on maintaining or increasing lumbar spine BMD, and influencing the balance of cOC and ucOC.

Conclusion

This review suggests that the beneficial effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone health primarily involve enhancing the carboxylation of OC rather than altering the total amount of OC.

Research Insights

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