Efficacy of Food Supplement Based on Monacolins, γ-Oryzanol, and γ-Aminobutyric Acid in Mild Dyslipidemia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Armed, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.
- 2024-09-04
- Nutrients 16(17)
- Lorenza Francesca De Lellis
- Maria Vittoria Morone
- Daniele Giuseppe Buccato
- Marcello Cordara
- Danaè S Larsen
- Hammad Ullah
- Roberto Piccinocchi
- Gaetano Piccinocchi
- Paulraj Balaji
- Alessandra Baldi
- Alessandro Di Minno
- Hesham R El-Seedi
- Roberto Sacchi
- Maria Daglia
- PubMed: 39275298
- DOI: 10.3390/nu16172983
Study Design
- Type
- Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
- Population
- subjects with mild dyslipidemia (n = 44, each group)
- Methods
- randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial; food supplement standardized to contain monacolins (4.5%), OZ, and GABA; isocaloric diet
- Blinding
- Double-blind
- Duration
- 3 months
- Funding
- Unclear
- Rigorous Journal
The risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is approximately doubled in subjects with hypercholesterolemia compared to those with normal blood cholesterol levels. Monacolin K (MK), the main active substance in rice fermented by the Monascus purpureus, acts on cholesterol metabolism. Rice also contains other bioactive compounds such as γ-oryzanol (OZ) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial, the efficacy and tolerability of a food supplement (FS) based on an ingredient standardized to contain monacolins (4.5%), OZ, and GABA were evaluated in subjects with mild dyslipidemia. For the duration of the trial, enrolled subjects (n = 44, each group) received the FS or placebo and were instructed to use an isocaloric diet. Compared to the placebo group, after a 3 months of the FS, the mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mean TC values were reduced by 19.3 and 8.3%, respectively, while the mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol value increased by 29.3%. On average, the subjects shifted from very high to moderate CVD risk. Glucose metabolism and hepatic and renal parameters did not change after the treatment and no adverse events were reported. Guidelines to handle hypercholesterolemia with food supplements in specific clinical settings are needed to better manage mild dyslipidemia.
Research Insights
Glucose metabolism and hepatic and renal parameters did not change after the treatment
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
Glucose metabolism and hepatic and renal parameters did not change after the treatment
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
Glucose metabolism and hepatic and renal parameters did not change after the treatment
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
while the mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol value increased by 29.3%
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Large
after a 3 months of the FS, the mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mean TC values were reduced by 19.3 and 8.3%, respectively
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Moderate
On average, the subjects shifted from very high to moderate CVD risk.
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Large
after a 3 months of the FS, the mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and mean TC values were reduced by 19.3 and 8.3%, respectively
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Large