Genomic and phenotypic evidence for probiotic influences of Lactobacillus gasseri on human health.
- 2013-11
- FEMS Microbiology Reviews 37(6)
- K. Selle
- T. Klaenhammer
- PubMed: 23488471
- DOI: 10.1111/1574-6976.12021
Abstract
Certain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the capacity to occupy mucosal niches of humans, including the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and vagina. Among commensal, LAB are species of the acidophilus complex, which have proven to be a substantial reservoir for microorganisms with probiotic attributes. Specifically, Lactobacillus gasseri is an autochthonous microorganism which has been evaluated for probiotic activity based on the availability of genome sequence and species-specific adaptation to the human mucosa. Niche-related characteristics of L. gasseri contributing to indigenous colonization include tolerance of low pH environments, resistance to bile salts, and adhesion to the host epithelium. In humans, L. gasseri elicits various health benefits through its antimicrobial activity, bacteriocin production, and immunomodulation of the innate and adaptive systems. The genomic and empirical evidence supporting use of L. gasseri in probiotic applications is substantiated by clinical trial data displaying maintenance of vaginal homeostasis, mitigation of Helicobacter pylori infection, and amelioration of diarrhea.
Keywords: acidophilus complex; autochthonous; bacteriocin; gastrointestinal tract; lactic acid bacteria; microbiota.
Research Insights
| Supplement | Health Outcome | Effect Type | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lactobacillus gasseri | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri BNR17 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri KS-13 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LAC-343 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LAC-343 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LAC-343 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LBV 150N | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LBV 150N | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LBV 150N | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LG-36 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri LQ-36 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri SD-5585 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri UALg-05 | Improved Diarrhea Symptoms | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri UALg-05 | Maintained Vaginal Homeostasis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Lactobacillus gasseri UALg-05 | Reduced Helicobacter pylori Colonization | Beneficial | Moderate |