Impact of selenium status and supplementation on outcomes in critically ill patients.

2025-10-10
Scientific reports 15(1)
- Hung-Hsi Tan
- You-Cyuan Liang
- Yi-Chen Shao
- Chin-Ming Chen
- Willy Chou

PubMed: 41073464
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-19315-w

Study Design

Type: Observational
Sample size: n = 67
Population: 144 ICU patients
Methods: prospective single-center observational study; intravenous selenium supplementation (1000 µg/day for 5 days)
Duration: 5 days

Rigorous Journal

Selenium is an essential trace element involved in antioxidant defense and immune regulation, yet its clinical role in critically ill patients remains uncertain. In this prospective single-center observational study, we evaluated 144 ICU patients between March 2022 and October 2023. Serum selenium levels were measured, and eligible patients received intravenous selenium supplementation (1000 µg/day for 5 days). Clinical outcomes, including ICU mortality, were analyzed in relation to selenium status and response. Selenium levels < 70 µg/L were observed in 27.8% of patients and were associated with higher severity scores, inflammatory markers, and longer hospital stay. Among 67 patients receiving supplementation, those with a post-treatment selenium increase > 50 µg/L had significantly lower ICU mortality. Multivariate analysis identified SOFA score, FiO₂, and selenium increase as independent predictors of ICU mortality. Lower selenium levels were associated with greater illness severity, and adequate selenium repletion may be linked to improved outcomes. However, the study is limited by its non-randomized, single-center design and relatively small sample size.

Research Insights

Selenium→Reduced Intensive Care Unit Mortality
Among 67 patients receiving supplementation, those with a post-treatment selenium increase > 50 µg/L had significantly lower ICU mortality.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Dose
1000 µg/day for 5 days
Selenium→Reduced Length of Hospital Stay
Selenium levels < 70 µg/L were observed in 27.8% of patients and were associated with higher severity scores, inflammatory markers, and longer hospital stay.
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Dose
1000 µg/day for 5 days