Inclusion of Lactobacillus salivarius strain revealed a positive effect on improving growth performance, fecal microbiota and immunological responses in chicken

2020-10-17
Archives of Microbiology 203(2)
- S. Sureshkumar
- Hwi-Cheul Lee
- Sun Keun Jung
- Dongjun Kim
- K. Oh
- Hyeon Yang
- Y. Jo
- Haesun Lee
- Sukchan Lee
- S. Byun

PubMed: 33068123
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02088-3

Study Design

Type: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Population: Chickens
Methods: Controlled experimental study

Abstract

Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that when administered in an appropriate amount, provide health benefits to the host. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the oral administration of Lactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius) on growth performance, immunological responses, fecal microbial flora and intestinal mucosal morphology in chickens. Chickens were fed with 109 colony-forming units (CFUs) of wild-type (WT) L. salivarius or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 5 weeks. Chickens body weight was significantly increased by administration of L. salivarius groups compared than control group. The microbial taxonomy in the small intestine and cecum was identified via the chicken feces sample. A total of 286,331 bacterial species were obtained from the chicken fecal samples in overall experimental group. From these, 145,012 bacterial species were obtained from oral administration of L. salivarius treatment group, while 141,319 bacterial species were obtained from control group. Almost 98% of all 16S rRNA sequences from the chicken fecal sample of the two groups were classified into known phyla. Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were highly abundant in both groups. Compared with the control birds, the chickens orally administered L. salivarius showed no significant differences in villus length and crypt length. Serum concentrations of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were markedly reduced in the L. salivarius group. In summary, our findings reveal that L. salivarius can act as a potential probiotic to improve performance and overall gut health in of chickens.

Keywords: Chicken; Lactobacillus salivarius; Oral administration.

Research Insights

Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Improved Fecal Microbiota
Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were highly abundant in both groups. Compared with the control birds, the chickens orally administered L. salivarius showed no significant differences in villus length and crypt length.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius SD-5208→Reduced Serum Cytokine Levels
Serum concentrations of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were markedly reduced in the L. salivarius group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Improved Growth Performance
Chickens body weight was significantly increased by administration of L. salivarius groups compared than control group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Improved Gut Health
Our findings reveal that L. salivarius can act as a potential probiotic to improve performance and overall gut health in of chickens.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus salivarius UALb-07→Reduced Serum Cytokine Levels
Serum concentrations of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were markedly reduced in the L. salivarius group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Improved Growth Performance
Chickens body weight was significantly increased by administration of L. salivarius groups compared than control group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Improved Gut Microbiota Composition
The microbial taxonomy in the small intestine and cecum was identified via the chicken feces sample. A total of 286,331 bacterial species were obtained from the chicken fecal samples in overall experimental group. From these, 145,012 bacterial species were obtained from oral administration of L. salivarius treatment group, while 141,319 bacterial species were obtained from control group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Maintained Morphological Integrity
Compared with the control birds, the chickens orally administered L. salivarius showed no significant differences in villus length and crypt length.
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Lactobacillus salivarius UALs07→Reduced Serum Cytokine Levels
Serum concentrations of the cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-4 were markedly reduced in the L. salivarius group.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate