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Abstract

Increasing evidence points to the effect of the gut microbiota on central nervous system functions. Supplementation of certain microbial strains has been demonstrated to alleviate depressive behaviors and neurological abnormalities. This study took the approach to screen for an anti-depressive Bifidobacterium longum strain from fourteen candidates and systematically verified its effect in a chronic stress-induced depression mice model. B. longum subsp. infantis strain CCFM687 could significantly enhance the biosynthesis of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HTP) in vitro in RIN14B cells through up-regulation of the Tph1 gene expression. Administration of CCFM687 in mice significantly improved the scores in behavioral tests and increased the level of 5-HTP and serotonin (5-HT) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the brain. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the PFC was also increased, possibly through the 5-HT1A-CREB-BDNF pathway. In addition, CCFM687 alleviated the hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response and accordingly reversed the peripheral inflammation status. Moreover, the stress-induced structural and functional dysbiosis of the gut microbiome was improved by CCFM687, through increased alpha diversity and abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria, in conjunction with inhibition of pathogenic gene expression. In summary, these results indicate that supplementation of B. longum subsp. infantis strain CCFM687 may prevent the onset of depression from chronic stress, and RIN14B could serve as an efficient cell model for rapid screening of anti-depressive probiotics.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Bifidobacterium longum B1-05Improved Gut Microbiota DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum B1-05Increased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum B1-05Increased Serotonin ProductionBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum B1-05Reduced Depressive BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum B1-05Reduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042Altered Gut MicrobiotaBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042Improved Emotional BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042Increased Serotonin LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042Increased Serum BDNF LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum KABP-042Reduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantisImproved Regulation of HPA AxisBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantisIncreased BDNF Levels in the Prefrontal CortexBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Enhanced Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Improved Emotional BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Improved Gut Microbiome DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Improved Peripheral InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Increased Butyrate LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Reduced Hyperactivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal AxisBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis M-63Reduced Periodontopathogen ExpressionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumImproved Emotional BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumImproved Gut Microbiome DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumIncreased Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor LevelsBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumIncreased Serotonin LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumReduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longumReduced Peripheral InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624Improved BDNF ExpressionBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624Improved Emotional BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624Improved Gut Microbiome DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624Increased Serotonin LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 35624Reduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Enhanced Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Improved Gut Microbiome DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Increased Serotonin LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Reduced Depressive BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum UABI-14Reduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14Enhanced Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14Improved Emotional BehaviorBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14Improved Gut Microbiome DiversityBeneficial
Large
Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14Increased Serotonin LevelsBeneficial
Moderate
Bifidobacterium longum UABI-14Reduced HPA Axis HyperactivityBeneficial
Moderate
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