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Abstract

Aims: Lactobacillus strains have protective effects against heavy metals while relieving oxidative stress and modulating the immune response. Mechanisms that ameliorate heavy metal toxicity and the relationship between probiotics and gut barrier protection in the process of heavy metal pathogenesis was poorly understood. Methods and Results: In this study, Lactobacillus brevis 23017 (LAB, L. brevis 23017), a selected probiotics strain with strong mercury binding capacities, was applied to evaluate the efficiency against mercury toxicity in a mouse model. Histopathological results along with HE stains show that L. brevis 23017 protects the integrity of the small intestinal villus, which slows weight loss in response to Hg exposure. The qRT-PCR results demonstrate that L. brevis 23017 maintains a normal mucosal barrier via modulation of tight junction proteins. Importantly, the present study demonstrates that L. brevis 23017 effectively ameliorates injury of the small intestine by reducing intestinal inflammation and alleviating oxidative stress in animal models. Moreover, L. brevis 23017 blocks oxidative stress and inflammation through MAPK and NF-κB pathways, as shown by western blot. Conclusions: Together, these results reveal that L. brevis 23017 may have applications in the prevention and treatment of oral Hg exposure with fermented functional foods by protecting gut health in daily life.

Keywords: Lactobacillus brevis; MAPK; NF-κB; inflammation; mercury; oxidative stress.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Lactobacillus brevisMaintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevisPreserved Small Intestinal Villus IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevisReduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevisReduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis HA-112Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis HA-112Protected Small Intestinal IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis HA-112Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis HA-112Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis KABP™-052Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis KABP™-052Protected Small Intestinal IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis KABP™-052Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis KABP™-052Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis LB01Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis LB01Protected Small Intestinal IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis LB01Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis LB01Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis Lbr-35Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis Lbr-35Protected Small Intestinal IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis Lbr-35Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis Lbr-35Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis MAK11L82BMaintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis MAK11L82BProtected Small Intestinal IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis MAK11L82BReduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis MAK11L82BReduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803Preserved Small Intestinal Villus IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803Reduced Hepatic Oxidative StressBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SBC8803Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SD-5214Improved Gut IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SD-5214Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SD-5214Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis SD-5214Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis UALbr-02Improved Gut IntegrityBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis UALbr-02Maintained Normal Mucosal Barrier FunctionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis UALbr-02Reduced Intestinal InflammationBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus brevis UALbr-02Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus brevis VPro 18Reduced Oxidative StressBeneficial
Large
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