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Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits the infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies, in vitro study

  • 2016-06-29
  • Scientific Reports 6(1)
    • P. Nardini
    • Rogers A. Ñahui Palomino
    • C. Parolin
    • L. Laghi
    • C. Foschi
    • R. Cevenini
    • B. Vitali
    • A. Marangoni

Abstract

Lactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microbiota of healthy reproductive-age women and protect the genitourinary tract from the attack of several infectious agents. Chlamydia trachomatis, a leading cause of sexually transmitted disease worldwide, can induce severe sequelae, i.e. pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and ectopic pregnancy. In the present study we investigated the interference of Lactobacillus crispatus, L. gasseri and L. vaginalis, known to be dominant species in the vaginal microbiome, with the infection process of C. trachomatis. Lactobacilli exerted a strong inhibitory effect on Chlamydia infectivity mainly through the action of secreted metabolites in a concentration/pH dependent mode. Short contact times were the most effective in the inhibition, suggesting a protective role of lactobacilli in the early steps of Chlamydia infection. The best anti-Chlamydia profile was shown by L. crispatus species. In order to delineate metabolic profiles related to anti-Chlamydia activity, Lactobacillus supernatants were analysed by (1)H-NMR. Production of lactate and acidification of the vaginal environment seemed to be crucial for the activity, in addition to the consumption of the carbonate source represented by glucose. The main conclusion of this study is that high concentrations of L. crispatus inhibit infectivity of C. trachomatis in vitro.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Lactobacillus crispatusReduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus crispatus LBV 88Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
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Lactobacillus crispatus LBV88Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus crispatus LCr86Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus crispatus LV5 88Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus crispatus UALcr-35Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus crispatus VPro 31Reduced Chlamydia trachomatis InfectivityBeneficial
Large
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