- 2026-03-01
- Pakistan journal of pharmaceutical sciences 39(3)
Study Design
- Methods
- Pulverized dried calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa formulated into granules via wet granulation using three different granulating fluids: xanthan gum mucilage (2%), glucose solution (50%), and syrup BP. Granule flow properties and solubility were determined. Interactions monitored using FT-IR, morphological attributes assessed using XRD and SEM.
- Funding
- Unclear
Background
The formulation of Hibiscus sabdariffa, a plant reported to have hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, into a suitable dosage form is vital in improving patient compliance and maximizing its benefits.Objectives
This study aims to formulate water-soluble granules from the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa using three (3) different granulating fluids and characterize the formulated granules to obtain an optimized formulation.Methods
Dried calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa were pulverized and formulated into granules via the wet granulation technique using three different granulating fluids: xanthan gum mucilage (2 %), glucose solution (50 %), and syrup BP. Granule flow properties and solubility were determined. Interactions were monitored using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR,), while morphological attributes were assessed using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy.Results
The mean granule diameter of the granules was between 700 and 740 µm, and the moisture content was between 0.7 and 1.3 % with sucrose-based granules having the least amount of moisture. All batches had excellent flow. The insoluble particles and aqueous dispersibility were between 2.20 and 4.45 g and 158.67 and >2400 sec, respectively. Glucose-based granules were more soluble and easily dispersible. FT-IR showed no interaction between the granulating fluids and hibiscus calyces, while XRD of the optimized formulation (glucose-based granules) revealed decreased crystallinity.Conclusion
Glucose solution (50%) is considered the most suitable fluid for the formulation of water-soluble granules of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. This study demonstrates the potential of formulating an acceptable oral dosage form from the calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa using a 50% glucose solution as a granulating fluid, yielding optimal granule properties that will enhance product acceptability and patient compliance.
Research Insights
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