Prevention and Treatment of Peanut Allergy.
- 2026-06-25
- The New England journal of medicine 394(24)
- George Du Toit
- Gideon Lack
- PubMed: 42341303
- DOI: 10.1056/nejmcp2314424
Study Design
- Type
- Review
Early introduction of peanut protein reduces allergy prevalence by approximately 80%, with efficacy diminishing as introduction is delayed. Appropriate prevention involves ingestion of approximately 2 g of peanut protein weekly for infants at low risk and 4 to 6 g weekly for infants at high risk. Population-level implementation that targets all infants achieves greater reduction in disease burden than approaches that target only high-risk groups, although disparities exist among some ethnic groups and groups with restricted access to care. Peanut immunotherapy initiated in younger children (1 to 3 years of age) shows superior efficacy and higher rates of clinical remission as compared with immunotherapy initiated in older children. The natural history of untreated peanut allergy follows a trajectory of increasing peanut-specific IgE levels and clinical reactivity over time, underscoring the importance of early intervention during this narrow developmental window.
Research Insights
Early introduction of peanut protein reduces allergy prevalence by approximately 80%
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Large
- Dose
- 2 g/week (low risk) or 4-6 g/week (high risk)