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Psoriasis and Vitamin D: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

  • 2023-07-30
  • Nutrients 15(15)
    • Elena Formisano
    • Elisa Proietti
    • Consuelo Borgarelli
    • Livia Pisciotta

Study Design

Type
Meta-Analysis
Sample size
n = 173
Population
23 studies reporting serum 25(OH)D levels in 1876 psoriasis patients and 7532 controls; 4 RCTs with 173 patients receiving vitamin D and 160 placebo
Methods
online database search to review and meta-analyze; unstandardized mean differences for data synthesis; bias risk assessed with Cochrane tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale
  • Rigorous Journal
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-dysregulated inflammatory disease and hypovitaminosis D is considered a risk factor. We conducted an online database search to review and meta-analyze the relationship between vitamin D, other bone metabolism parameters, and psoriasis. The efficacy of oral vitamin D supplementation in improving Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) was also evaluated. Non-original articles, case reports, and animal studies were excluded. Bias risk was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies, respectively. Unstandardized mean differences were used for data synthesis. Twenty-three studies reported serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in 1876 psoriasis patients and 7532 controls. Psoriasis patients had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than controls (21.0 ± 8.3 vs. 27.3 ± 9.8, p < 0.00001). Conversely, 450 psoriasis patients had lower levels of parathormone than 417 controls (38.7 ± 12.8 vs. 43.7 ± 16.5, p = 0.015). Four RCTs examined the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on psoriasis for 173 patients and 160 patients were treated with placebo. No significant differences were found in PASI after 3, 6, and 12 months of supplementation. It is shown that 25(OH)D serum levels are significantly lower in psoriasis, but, although the granularity of RCT methodology may have influenced the pooled analysis, vitamin D supplementation did not seem to improve clinical manifestations.

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