Recent advances in balancing the growth-production trade-off in Bacillus subtilis: A systematic resource reallocation perspective.
- 2026-07
- Biotechnology advances 89
- Yujue Wang
- Qiang Wang
- Jianghua Chen
- Zhiming Rao
- Xian Zhang
- PubMed: 41856442
- DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2026.108873
Study Design
- Type
- Review
As an excellent industrial chassis, Bacillus subtilis plays a pivotal role in promoting the efficient and sustainable manufacturing of high-value biological products. However, the intrinsic resource trade-off between growth and production remains a formidable barrier for biosynthetic efficiency. Therefore, from the perspective of cellular resource allocation, this review provides a comprehensive analysis through a holistic framework encompassing synthetic toolkits, mechanisms, engineering strategies, and industrial applications. We analyze the fundamental limitations of €resource partitioning, focusing on the proteome allocation competition driven by heterologous synthesis and the global physiological feedback responses triggered by metabolic burden. To address resource constraints, the paper discusses fundamental engineering modules to enhance strain robustness and metabolic capacity, as well as system-level strategies for rational resource allocation. Finally, by showcasing diverse industrial applications, this work provides profound insights into overcoming metabolic trade-offs and lays the foundation for the rational design of high-performance B. subtilis cell factories.