Recent Advances in Biomimetic Porous Materials for Real-World Applications.
- 2025-08-08
- Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) 10(8)
- Qunren Qiu
- Yi Yang
- Fanghua Liang
- Gang Wang
- Xuelong Han
- Chuanfeng Zang
- Mingzheng Ge
- PubMed: 40862894
- DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics10080521
Study Design
- Type
- Review
Bionic synthesis technology has made significant breakthroughs in porous functional materials by replicating and optimizing biological structures. For instance, biomimetic titanium dioxide-coated carbon multilayer materials, prepared via biological templating, exhibit a hierarchical structure, abundant nanopores, and synergistic effects. Bionic mineralization further enhances microcapsules by forming a secondary inorganic wall, granting them superior impermeability, high elastic modulus, and hardness. Through techniques like molecular self-assembly, electrospinning, and pressure-driven fusion, researchers have successfully fabricated centimeter-scale artificial lamellar bones without synthetic polymers. In environmental applications, electrospun membranes inspired by lotus leaves and bird bones achieve 99.94% separation efficiency for n-hexane-water mixtures, retaining nearly 99% efficiency after 20 cycles. For energy applications, an all-ceramic silica nanofiber aerogel with a bionic blind bristle structure demonstrates ultralow thermal conductivity (0.0232-0.0643 W·m-1·K-1) across a broad temperature range (-50 to 800 °C). This review highlights the preparation methods and recent advances in biomimetic porous materials for practical applications.