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Rice bran oil could favorably ameliorate atherogenicity and insulin resistance indices among men with coronary artery disease: post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

  • 2021-11-06
  • Lipids in health and disease 20(1)
    • Marjan Mahdavi-Roshan
    • Arsalan Salari
    • Azin Vakilpour
    • Amir Savar Rakhsh
    • Zeinab Ghorbani

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Population
40 CAD men with an average age of 56 years
Methods
8-week randomized controlled trial, RBO or SFO (30 g/day) plus a standardized dietary plan
Blinding
Open-label
Duration
8 weeks
Funding
Unclear

Background

Despite recent advances in recognizing more reliable indicators to estimate the coronary artery disease (CAD) patients' response to treatment and prognosis, less attention has been paid to evaluating them in clinical trials. Hence, the present research was conducted to study the impact of rice bran oil (RBO) versus sunflower oil (SFO) on various atherogenicity and insulin resistance markers.

Methods

In the present 8-week randomized controlled trial, 40 CAD men with an average age of 56 years were allocated randomly into the intervention or control group to use RBO or SFO (30 g/day) plus a standardized dietary plan. As a further analysis, eight atherosclerosis-related indices were calculated before and after the study.

Results

Analysis of covariance test in which potential confounders and baseline levels were considered, indicated that using RBO compared to SFO reduced Castelli's risk index I and II (adjusted means:3.29, 1.52 vs. 4.61, 2.20, respectively), atherogenic coefficient (2.29 vs. 3.61), lipoprotein combine index (6.54 vs. 17.53), and cholesterol index (0.46 vs. 1.20) after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002). Also, the RBO group yielded significantly lower triglyceride glucose index (8.73 vs. 9.13) (P-value = 0.010). Further, marginally significant amelioration in triglyceride/HDL ratio and atherogenic index of plasma (1.48 and 0.13 vs. 1.86 and 0.24 respectively) were noted (P-value = 0.07). Spearman correlation analysis detected significant positive correlations between alterations in TNF-α serum levels (ng/L) and the majority of evaluated indices (P-value < 0.05).

Conclusion

Taken together, incorporating 30 g of RBO into the patient's usual diet appeared effective in ameliorating atherogenicity and insulin resistance indicators among men with CAD, probably in relation to its anti-inflammatory properties.

Trial registration

The protocol of the current trial was retrospectively recorded in the Iranian clinical trial registration system (IRCT) with the registration number of IRCT20190313043045N1 (URL: https://en.irct.ir/trial/38346 ; Registration date: 2019-04-27).

Research Insights

  • rice bran→Reduced Atherogenic Coefficient

    atherogenic coefficient (2.29 vs. 3.61) ... after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Atherogenic Index

    marginally significant amelioration in ... atherogenic index of plasma (0.13 vs. 0.24) were noted (P-value = 0.07)

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Castelli Risk Index I

    Analysis of covariance test ... indicated that using RBO compared to SFO reduced Castelli's risk index I ... (adjusted means:3.29, ... vs. 4.61, ...) after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Castelli's Risk Index II

    Analysis of covariance test ... indicated that using RBO compared to SFO reduced Castelli's risk index I and II (adjusted means:3.29, 1.52 vs. 4.61, 2.20, respectively) after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Lipoprotein Combine Index

    lipoprotein combine index (6.54 vs. 17.53) ... after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Total Cholesterol Levels

    cholesterol index (0.46 vs. 1.20) after the trial (P-value ≤ 0.002)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Triglyceride Glucose Index

    the RBO group yielded significantly lower triglyceride glucose index (8.73 vs. 9.13) (P-value = 0.010)

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
  • rice bran→Reduced Triglyceride/HDL Ratio

    marginally significant amelioration in triglyceride/HDL ratio ... (1.48 and 0.13 vs. 1.86 and 0.24 respectively) were noted (P-value = 0.07)

    Effect
    Neutral
    Effect size
    Small
    Dose
    30 g/day
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