Wheat-durum pasta added of inactivated Bifidobacterium animalis decreases glucose and total cholesterol levels and modulates gut microbiota in healthy rats

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of consumption of wheat-durum pasta added of Bifidobacterium animalis inactivated by gamma-irradiation (paraprobiotic) on health and gut microbiota of rats. Twenty-one male rats were divided into three groups as follow: control (Control) receiving standard diet; pasta control (PC) receiving diet containing pasta, and paraprobiotic pasta _Bifidobacterium-_irradiated (PPBI), receiving paraprobiotic pasta. The serum levels of glucose and total cholesterol were reduced (p < 0.05) in PPBI when compared to the Control (p < 0.05). PPBI showed high abundance (p ˂ 0.05) of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria and a lower abundance of Bacteriodes compared to Control and PC. Besides, the PPBI showed high abundance (p ˂ 0.05) of Clostridiales, Lactobacillales; Bifidobacteriales, Bacillales, and Coriobacteriales in comparison to Control. Specific genera such as Bifibacterium, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Allobaculum, and _Blauti_a were more related to PPBI. Findings reveal wheat-durum pasta as a potential vehicle for delivering paraprobiotics B. animalis.

Keywords: Paraprobiotic; beneficial microbes; food processing; functional foods; inactivated probiotic; metataxonomics.