Low Birth Weight
Low birth weight (LBW) refers to infants born weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces (2,499 grams), commonly due to premature birth, and entails added health risks requiring immediate and long-term medical management. These infants often need specialized care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and continuous follow-up to monitor potential long-term health issues.
Health Outcomes
- Achieved Adequate Infant Growth
- Adjusted Height-for-Age Z Score
- Comparable Growth with Breastfed Infants
- Decreased Proportion of Palmitic Acid in Milk
- Earlier Achievement of Full Feeding
- Effectiveness in Breastfed Infants
- Enhanced Bifidobacteria-Dominant Infant Gut Colonization
- Enhanced Growth Performance
- Enhanced Growth Rate
- Enhanced Infant Growth on Human Milk Oligosaccharides
- Enhanced Intestinal Development in Newborns
- Healthy Age-Appropriate Growth
- Improved Age-Standardized Height
- Improved Daily Weight Gain
- Improved Exclusive Breastfeeding Rate
- Improved Feeding Tolerance
- Improved Full Scale Intelligence Quotient
- Improved Growth
- Improved Growth Indices
- Improved Growth Metrics
- Improved Growth Metrics Stability
- Improved Growth Performance
- Improved Growth and Economic Traits
- Improved Growth in Children
- Improved Growth in Human Milk-fed Infants
- Improved Growth in Infants
- Improved Gut Microbiome Establishment
- Improved Gut Microbiota Colonization
- Improved Head Growth
- Improved Health in Breastfed Infants
- Improved Height-for-Age Z-Score
- Improved Infant Gut Health
- Improved Infant Gut Microbiome Development
- Improved Infant Gut Microbiota Restoration
- Improved Infant Health
- Improved Live Birth Rate
- Improved Neonatal Health Outcomes
- Improved Neurodevelopmental Outcome
- Improved Perinatal Safety
- Improved Physiological Status in Offspring
- Improved Postnatal Development
- Improved Recovery from Malnutrition
- Improved Specific Growth Rate
- Improved Survival Rate at Weaning
- Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Increased Folate Bioavailability
- Increased Neonatal Death
- Increased Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis Stage 2 or Higher
- Increased Speed to Full Feeding
- Increased Survival Rate at Weaning
- Influence on Infant Weight
- Maintained Growth Performance
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis Stage II or Higher
- No Improvement in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
- No Improvement in Growth Performance
- Normal Growth Performance
- Normal Growth Performance and Hematological Parameters
- Normal Infant Growth
- Normal Pregnancy Outcomes
- Reduced Age at Full Postnatal Feeds
- Reduced Birth Weight
- Reduced Body Mass Stunting
- Reduced Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
- Reduced Growth Performance
- Reduced Incidence of Late-Onset Sepsis
- Reduced Incidence of NEC Stage II or Greater
- Reduced Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Reduced Late-Onset Sepsis
- Reduced NEC Incidence
- Reduced NEC Severity
- Reduced Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Reduced Neonatal Mortality
- Reduced Neonatal Risk
- Reduced Perinatal Loss
- Reduced Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Reduced Retinopathy of Prematurity
- Reduced Risk of Advanced NEC
- Reduced Risk of Infant Health Problems
- Reduced Rotavirus Infection Severity
- Reduced Stage II or Higher Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Reduced Time to Full Feeding
- Reduced Time to Full Feeds
- Reduced Time to Reach Full Feeds
- Reduced Toxoplasma gondii Burden
- Shortened Second Stage of Labor
- Similar Growth Rate to Breastfed Infants
- Successful Pregnancy Outcome
- Sustained Healthy Growth
- Time to Full Enteral Feeding in Postnatal Age