Trace minerals intake: Risks and benefits for cardiovascular health.
- 2017-12-13
- Review
- Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 59(8)
- Noushin Mohammadifard
- Karin H Humphries
- Carolyn Gotay
- Guillermo Mena-Sánchez
- Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Andrew Ignaszewski
- Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- PubMed: 29236516
- DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1406332
- Moderate evidence
- Highly Cited
While deficiency of these trace elements can cause cardiovascular dysfunction, several studies have also shown a positive association between metal serum levels and cardiovascular risk factors and events. Thus, a J- or U-shaped relationship between the transition minerals and cardiovascular events has been proposed.
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
- Significant
- No