Selenium and Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level

Research synthesisHigh evidenceMixed effect size5 studies · 4 beneficial · 1 neutral · 0 harmful

Across 5 studies (4 beneficial, 1 neutral), selenium supplementation shows consistent evidence for reducing thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis, with meta-analyses reporting moderate to large effect sizes. The median study duration across one study was 182 days, with effects observed at 3 and 6 months. No specific dose or form was consistently reported across studies.

Studied populations: patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves-Basedow disease

Caveats: Evidence base is small (only 5 studies), and effect sizes ranged from small to large, indicating heterogeneity. One neutral study used a combination with Myo-inositol, which may confound results. No specific dose or form was consistently reported, limiting actionable recommendations.

Generated Jul 17, 2026

Time to effect

Median: 6.1 months · IQR 6.1 months–6.1 months · Range 6.1 months–6.1 months — Reported in 1 of 5 studies

Safety in these studies

Overall tolerabilityNo significant differenceOR 0.89 [CI 0.46 to 1.75]
Adverse effects were comparable between the intervention and control groups (OR 0.89 [CI 0.46 to 1.75]; 16 cohorts; 1339 participants; I²=0%).
from: Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and M
Overall tolerabilityReported
The data retrieved included the population, baseline iodine/selenium status (if reported), dose/formulation, treatment duration, outcomes (TSH, FT4, FT3, TPOAb, TgAb, TRAb, nodule metrics), and adverse events.
from: Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential: Selenium and Myo-Inositol Supplementation in Thyroid

5 of 5 papersPopulation:

Clinical efficacy of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- 2025-08-29
- Meta-Analysis · n = 1,610
- Medicine 104(35)
- - Heng Zhang
  - Yunkai Yang
  - Shaohua Liu
  - Yang Yang
  - Zhelong Liu
- PubMed: 40898469
- DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000044043
3 Insights on
- Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level
- High evidence
- Clinical
Serum TPOAb was significantly reduced after Se supplementation after 3 months (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.74 to -0.18, P = .001) and 6 months (SMD = -0.80, 95%CI: -1.38 to -0.21, P = .008).
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Moderate
Significant
Yes
Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.
- 2024-03
- Meta-Analysis · n = 2,358
- Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association 34(3)
- - Valentina V Huwiler
  - Stephanie Maissen-Abgottspon
  - Zeno Stanga
  - Stefan Mühlebach
  - Roman Trepp
  - Lia Bally
  - Arjola Bano
- PubMed: 38243784
- DOI: 10.1089/thy.2023.0556
11 Insights on
- Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level
- High evidence
- Clinical
TPOAb (SMD -0.96 [CI -1.36 to -0.56]; 29 cohorts; 2358 participants; I² = 90%)
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Large
Significant
Yes
Effectiveness of Selenium Supplementation in the Treatment of Graves-Basedow Disease: A Scoping Review.
- 2025-10-24
- Systematic Review · n = 15
- Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) 13(4)
- - Hernando Vargas-Uricoechea
  - Alejandro Castellanos-Pinedo
  - Karen Urrego-Noguera
  - María V Pinzón-Fernández
  - Ivonne A Meza-Cabrera
  - Hernando Vargas-Sierra
- PubMed: 41283242
- DOI: 10.3390/medsci13040241
4 Insights on
- Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level
- High evidence
- Clinical
selenium supplementation was associated with significant improvements in TSH, FT4, FT3, TPOAb, TgAb, and TRAb levels
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Significant
Yes
Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
- 2024-12-04
- Systematic Review · n = 10
- Frontiers in endocrinology 15
- - Bingcong Peng
  - Weiwei Wang
  - Qingling Gu
  - Ping Wang
  - Weiping Teng
  - Zhongyan Shan
- PubMed: 39698034
- DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1445878
2 Insights on
- Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level
- High evidence
- Clinical
During a 6-month treatment, the use of (...) the combination of selenium, and Myo-inositol did not effectively reduce TPOAb (Se+Myo-inositol: SMD: -3.01, 95% CI: -8.96,2.93)
Effect
Neutral
Effect size
Small
Significant
No
Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential: Selenium and Myo-Inositol Supplementation in Thyroid Disorders-Efficacy and Future Directions.
- 2025-09-24
- Review
- Life (Basel, Switzerland) 15(10)
- - Chinnu George Samuel
  - Parul Singh
  - Hala Abdullahi
  - Ibrahim Ibrahim
- PubMed: 41157173
- DOI: 10.3390/life15101500
4 Insights on
- Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level
- Low evidence
Clinical research indicate that selenium supplementation may reduce thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels in Hashimoto's disease, thereby attenuating autoimmune activity.
Effect
Beneficial
Effect size
Small
Significant
Yes

Selenium and Reduced Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Level

Clinical efficacy of selenium supplementation in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Selenium Supplementation in Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Effectiveness of Selenium Supplementation in the Treatment of Graves-Basedow Disease: A Scoping Review.

Effects of different supplements on Hashimoto's thyroiditis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential: Selenium and Myo-Inositol Supplementation in Thyroid Disorders-Efficacy and Future Directions.