Across 3 review studies, all report beneficial effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus on gut health, with effect sizes ranging from small to moderate. The evidence is limited to animal and aquaculture populations, with no human studies and no data on dose, duration, or form. Effects are predominantly moderate in size, but the data are too sparse to draw firm conclusions.
Caveats: Evidence base is small (only 3 studies) — conclusions should be considered preliminary. Available evidence is overwhelmingly positive — clinical literature in this area is subject to publication bias (null-result studies are less likely to be published or indexed). All studies are reviews, not original human trials; findings are derived from animal and aquaculture models and may not generalize to humans.
They increase beneficial gut bacteria and improve the digestion and integrity of the intestine.
Their application in functional foods contributes to improved gut health and reduced risk of foodborne illnesses.
Several studies have shown that the addition of algae, along with probiotics, can influence the microbiota, and improve gut health and overall yield in fish, shrimp, and mussels aquaculture.