Understanding Collagen: Types, Benefits, and Effectiveness of Supplements
Explore the role of collagen in the body, different types of collagen found in supplements, and the purported benefits and limitations of collagen supplementation. Learn about its impact on skin elasticity and joint health according to scientific research.
what is collagen?
Collagen is a protein that is a key component of connective tissues in the body, including skin, bones, ligaments, tendons, and blood vessels1. It provides structural support and elasticity, enabling tissues to withstand stretching and other mechanical forces1. Collagen makes up approximately 30% of the body's protein content and is composed of four amino acids: proline, glycine, lysine, and hydroxyproline1.
As people age, the body's ability to produce collagen decreases, leading to signs of aging such as wrinkles and joint discomfort1. Collagen supplements have gained popularity for their purported benefits, which include improved skin elasticity, joint health, and reduced signs of aging12.
There are different types of collagen (29 types identified), but the most common ones found in supplements are:
- Type I: Found in skin, tendons, and bones; commonly sourced from bovine and fish.
- Type II: Found in cartilage; commonly sourced from chicken cartilage.
- Type III: Found in skin, blood vessels, and internal organs; commonly sourced from bovine12.
Collagen supplements usually come in the form of hydrolyzed collagen or collagen peptides, which are broken down collagen proteins that are easier for the body to absorb2. Studies have suggested that these supplements can improve skin hydration, elasticity, and reduce wrinkles2.
However, it's important to note that the scientific evidence supporting some of these benefits is still limited and sometimes industry-funded, which can create potential conflicts of interest23. Additionally, the full absorption and utilization of collagen supplements by the body remain areas of ongoing research1.
Footnotes