Supplements that have shown potential benefits for brain health include various vitamins, minerals, and other compounds. Here are some noteworthy ones:

1. B Vitamins: Specifically, vitamins B6, B9 (folate), and B12 are essential for brain health as they help reduce levels of homocysteine, a compound associated with cognitive decline. The VITACOG trial suggested that supplementation with B vitamins can slow brain atrophy in certain regions affected by Alzheimer’s disease in people with mild cognitive impairment¹.

2. Omega-3 Fatty Acids: These are found in fish oil and are known for their anti-inflammatory properties, which may help protect the brain from cognitive decline. They support neuronal structure and function².

3. Ginkgo Biloba: This herbal supplement is widely used for memory enhancement and maintaining cognitive function. It is believed to improve cerebral blood circulation and has antioxidant properties³.

4. Vitamin E: Known for its antioxidant effects, vitamin E may help protect brain cells from oxidative stress. Supplementation has been studied in relation to slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease⁴.

5. Vitamin D: Emerging research highlights the importance of vitamin D in maintaining brain health, with deficiencies linked to increased risk of cognitive impairment².

It's important to note that while these supplements have potential benefits, the evidence supporting their efficacy varies, and they should be taken cautiously, especially if combining with other medications or health conditions³⁴.

Footnotes

1. Joanna Hellmuth, "Dietary Supplements for Brain Health," NCBI, 2025. ↩

2. Monika Szot, "Can Nutrients and Dietary Supplements Potentially Improve Cognitive Performance," NCBI, 2022. ↩ ↩²

3. MK Gestuvo, "Common Dietary Supplements for Cognitive Health," NCBI, 2024. ↩ ↩²

4. Mónika Fekete, "Improving Cognitive Function with Nutritional Supplements in Aging," NCBI, 2023. ↩ ↩²