Vitamin K3, also known as menadione, is a synthetic form of Vitamin K. While it has some beneficial roles, its safety and efficacy are highly debated due to potential health risks.

Benefits of Vitamin K3

1. Anti-inflammatory and Antiviral Properties: Vitamin K3 and its analogs have shown potential in reducing inflammation and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. Specifically, Vitamin K3 can inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro enzyme, which plays a crucial role in viral transcription and replication[^1][^2].
2. Reduced Inflammation in Various Infections: It has been found to suppress systemic inflammation and organ injury in animal studies, pointing to its potential use in managing inflammatory conditions[^1].
3. Promoting Egg Quality in Poultry: Vitamin K3 supplementation has been linked to improved egg production and quality in breeding geese, as well as maintaining egg shell thickness and freshness[^3].

Risks of Vitamin K3

1. Potential Toxicity: Vitamin K3 is not widely used in human supplements due to concerns about its toxicity, especially when compared to other forms of Vitamin K, such as K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone)[^2].
2. DNA Damage: There are studies suggesting that Vitamin K3 could contribute to DNA damage, raising questions about its long-term safety[^2].
3. Potential Side Effects: High doses of menadione can cause hemolytic anemia and liver toxicity. It is water-soluble and cannot be stored in the body, making it less efficient than fat-soluble Vitamin K1 and K2[^3].

In conclusion, while Vitamin K3 has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities, its potential for toxicity and side effects