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A meta-analysis of the literature evaluating the impact of vitamin D on female fertility and ovarian reserve function.

  • 2026
  • Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da U S P 60
    • Shanfei Zhao
    • Wenling Zheng
    • Guanyun Long
    • Guanglin Liang

Study Design

Type
Meta-Analysis
Population
2111 females
Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted; continuous mode with random effect was used for the analysis of data

Objective

The current analysis study aims to estimate the role of vitamin D levels and supplementation on fertility reservation expressed as ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH).

Method

A systematic literature review was conducted, and 2111 females were recruited to the current study. Inclusion criteria of the current study included comparative studies evaluating the role of vitamin D status and vitamin D supplementation on fertility parameters. Included studies published till December 2023. Continuous mode with random effect, were used for the analysis of data.

Results

Twenty-two studies, conducted on the impact of vitamin D on fertility parameters for females, were recruited in the current study. Vitamin D supplementation showed a significant enhancement in several parameters, including vitamin D level, number of dominant follicles, Ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate (MD = -2.3295% CI [-3.07, -1.56], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.27, 1.35], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.17, 1.45], and MD = 0.64 95% CI [0.20, 1.07], respectively). On the other hand, there was no significant impact on AMH levels.

Conclusion

Findings of current studies indicate a beneficial impact of vitamin D therapy on fertility outcomes regarding the number of dominant follicles, ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate.

Research Insights

  • Vitamin D→Increased Dominant Follicle Count

    Vitamin D supplementation showed a significant enhancement in several parameters, including vitamin D level, number of dominant follicles, Ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate (MD = -2.3295% CI [-3.07, -1.56], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.27, 1.35], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.17, 1.45], and MD = 0.64 95% CI [0.20, 1.07], respectively).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Vitamin D→Increased Ovulation Rate

    Vitamin D supplementation showed a significant enhancement in several parameters, including vitamin D level, number of dominant follicles, Ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate (MD = -2.3295% CI [-3.07, -1.56], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.27, 1.35], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.17, 1.45], and MD = 0.64 95% CI [0.20, 1.07], respectively).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Vitamin D→Increased Pregnancy Rate

    Vitamin D supplementation showed a significant enhancement in several parameters, including vitamin D level, number of dominant follicles, Ovulation rate, and pregnancy rate (MD = -2.3295% CI [-3.07, -1.56], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.27, 1.35], MD = 0.81 95% CI [0.17, 1.45], and MD = 0.64 95% CI [0.20, 1.07], respectively).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
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