Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80 for preventing allergic, respiratory, and gastrointestinal diseases in young children in China: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.
- 2026-02-15
- Clinical and experimental pediatrics 69(2)
- Ke Chen
- Xi Zhang
- Kaihong Zeng
- Jiayi Zhong
- Shanshan Jin
- Yang Nie
- Ping Yang
- Nianyang He
- Haixia Chen
- Yanmei Cao
- Yunrong Fu
- Ziji Fang
- Wei Jiang
- Changqi Lium
- PubMed: 41167178
- DOI: 10.3345/cep.2025.01256
Background
Respiratory, gastrointestinal, and allergic diseases can significantly affect children's physical and mental health and quality of life.Purpose
This study aimed to assess the safety of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BLa80, its preventive effects on morbidities related to respiratory, gastrointestinal, and allergic diseases, and its impact on the gut microbiome of children during the study period.Methods
Healthy children aged 0-3 years were randomly assigned to an intervention group (IG; n=180) or control group (CG; n=180). Participants received probiotics or placebo for 3 months, followed by a 3-month follow-up period. Children in the IG received one oral probiotic sachet daily for 90 consecutive days starting on the first day of the intervention. Each sachet contained maltodextrin and the BLa80 strain at 5×109 colony-forming units (CFUs). Children in the CG received placebo sachets containing maltodextrin only. The primary outcome measure was eczema morbidity during the 6-month study period. Secondary outcomes included acute upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and acute tracheitis/bronchitis. Fecal gut microbiota profiles were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Fecal immune biomarkers including calprotectin, human beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2), cathelicidin (LL-37), and secretory immunoglobulin A were also determined. This study was registered with the China Clinical Trial Center (ChiCTR2300074956).Results
Per-protocol analyses were conducted of 156 and 164 subjects in the IG and CG, respectively. The morbidity rate of eczema during the 6-month period was significantly lower in the IG versus CG (intention-to-treat analysis: 26.1% [47 of 180] vs. 66.7% [120 of 180], P<0.01; per-protocol analysis: 30.1% [47 of 156] vs. 73.2% [120 of 164], P<0.01). Probiotic supplementation was also associated with a lower risk of URTIs (IG vs. CG: 40.3% vs. 20.7%; risk ratio [RR], 0.752; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.653-0.866) and acute tracheitis/bronchitis (18.8% vs. 9.5%; RR, 0.897; 95% CI, 0.825-0.977). Bla80 intervention increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense PV20-2, Bifidobacterium longum, and Enterococcus dispar ATCC (American Type Culture Collection) 51266 while decreasing the abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Postintervention, the IG had significantly lower concentrations of LL-37 (3,509.31±587.89 pg/g vs. 3,720.82±614.90 pg/g, P=0.006) and HBD-2 (202.36±56.35 pg/g vs. 222.65±56.23 pg/g, P=0.005) than the CG. No serious adverse events were reported in either group.Conclusion
The daily administration of BLa80 at 5×109 CFU for 3 months in children aged 0-3 years reduced therisk of eczema, URTIs, and acute tracheitis/bronchitis and beneficially altered the gut microbiome composition, fecal immune biomarkers, and functional gene composition without any adverse effects.Research Insights
| Supplement | Health Outcome | Effect Type | Effect Size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Altered Gut Microbiome Composition | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Improved Gut Microbiome Composition | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Reduced Eczema Incidence | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Reduced Fecal Immune Biomarkers | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Reduced Tracheitis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 | Reduced Upper Respiratory Infections | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02 | Improved Gut Microbiome Composition | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02 | Reduced Eczema Incidence | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02 | Reduced Fecal Immune Biomarkers | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02 | Reduced Tracheitis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum Bb-02 | Reduced Upper Respiratory Infections | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis Bb-02 | Improved Gut Microbiota | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis Bb-02 | Reduced Eczema Incidence | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis Bb-02 | Reduced Fecal Immune Biomarkers | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis Bb-02 | Reduced Tracheitis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium bifidum/lactis Bb-02 | Reduced Upper Respiratory Infections | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Altered Gut Microbiota Composition | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Improved Gut Microbiome Composition | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Reduced Eczema Incidence | Beneficial | Large |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Reduced Fecal Immune Biomarkers | Beneficial | Small |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Reduced Tracheitis | Beneficial | Moderate |
| Bifidobacterium breve Bb-18 | Reduced Upper Respiratory Infections | Beneficial | Moderate |