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Effects of probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum 16 and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 on intestinal barrier function, antioxidative capacity, apoptosis, immune response, and biochemical parameters in broilers.

  • 2019-10
  • Poultry Science 98(10)
    • Yan-ping Wu
    • Baikui Wang
    • Zhonghua Zeng
    • Rongrong Liu
    • L. Tang
    • L. Gong
    • Wei-fen Li

Study Design

Type
Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
Sample size
n = 540
Population
Broiler chickens
Methods
Controlled experimental study
  • Highly Cited
  • Rigorous Journal
  • Animal Study

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 16 (Lac16) and Paenibacillus polymyxa 10 (BSC10) on intestinal barrier function, antioxidative capacity, apoptosis, immune response, and biochemical parameters in broilers. A total of 540 one-day-old broiler chicks (Cobb500) were randomly allocated to three groups of 180 birds, and fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 108 colony-forming units Lac16 or BSC10 per kilogram feed for 21 D. The results revealed that both Lac16 and BSC10 maintained ileal mucosal morphology, and BSC10 regulated the expression of barrier function-related genes. Birds fed with probiotics decreased malondialdehyde level in jejunal mucosa and serum, and the increased activities of hepatic GSH-Px and jejunal CAT were observed in BSC10 group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry of Bax, Bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and TUNEL-immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that Lac16 and BSC10 exerted beneficial effects on cell apoptosis and proliferation, as indicated by the gene expression of down-regulated Bax and p53 as well as a significant upregulation of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05). In addition, Lac16 and BSC10 significantly increased NO production and iNOS activity in liver and jejunal mucosa, and gene expression of IFN-γ (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.05), and IL-10 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in ileum mucosa, whereas markedly decreased the expression of Cox2 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that Lac16 and BSC10 significantly reduced levels of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and creatine kinase (P < 0.05). Moreover, BSC10 significantly reduced uric acid (P < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.01). Taken together, Lac16 and BSC10 could improve intestinal and body health status of broilers by increasing intestinal barrier function, anti-oxidative capacity and immunity, and decreasing cell apoptosis with strain-specificity.

Keywords: apoptosis; broiler; immunity; intestinal physical barrier; probiotic.

Research Insights

  • Lactobacillus plantarum UALp-05M→Improved Immune Response

    In addition, Lac16 and BSC10 significantly increased NO production and iNOS activity in liver and jejunal mucosa, and gene expression of IFN-γ (P < 0.01), IL-6 (P < 0.05), and IL-10 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) in ileum mucosa, whereas markedly decreased the expression of Cox2 (P < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Lactobacillus plantarum UALp-05M→Improved Intestinal Barrier Function

    The results revealed that both Lac16 and BSC10 maintained ileal mucosal morphology, and BSC10 regulated the expression of barrier function-related genes.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Lactobacillus plantarum UALp-05M→Reduced Biochemical Marker Levels

    Furthermore, it was found that Lac16 and BSC10 significantly reduced levels of alkaline phosphatase (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and creatine kinase (P < 0.05). Moreover, BSC10 significantly reduced uric acid (P < 0.05) and low-density lipoprotein levels (P < 0.01).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Lactobacillus plantarum UALp-05M→Reduced Cell Apoptosis

    Immunohistochemistry of Bax, Bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen and TUNEL-immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that Lac16 and BSC10 exerted beneficial effects on cell apoptosis and proliferation, as indicated by the gene expression of down-regulated Bax and p53 as well as a significant upregulation of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
  • Lactobacillus plantarum UALp-05M→Reduced Hepatic Oxidative Stress

    Birds fed with probiotics decreased malondialdehyde level in jejunal mucosa and serum, and the increased activities of hepatic GSH-Px and jejunal CAT were observed in BSC10 group (P < 0.05).

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Moderate
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