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Abstract

As with all orally consumed probiotics, the Gram-positive bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri encounters numerous challenges as it transits through the gastrointestinal tract of the host, including low pH, effectors of the host immune system, as well as competition with commensal and pathogenic bacteria, all of which can greatly reduce the availability of live bacteria for therapeutic purposes. Recently we showed that L. reuteri, when adhered in the form of a biofilm to a semi-permeable biocompatible dextranomer microsphere, reduces the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis by 50% in a well-defined animal model following delivery of a single prophylactic dose. Herein, using the same semi-permeable microspheres, we showed that providing compounds beneficial to L. reuteri as diffusible cargo within the microsphere lumen resulted in further advantageous effects including glucosyltransferase-dependent bacterial adherence to the microsphere surface, resistance of bound bacteria against acidic conditions, enhanced adherence of L. reuteri to human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro, and facilitated production of the antimicrobial compound reuterin and the anti-inflammatory molecule histamine. These data support continued development of this novel probiotic formulation as an adaptable and effective means for targeted delivery of cargo beneficial to the probiotic bacterium.

Keywords: Lactobacillus reuteri; dextranomer; glucosyltransferase; maltose; microsphere; reuterin.

Research Insights

SupplementHealth OutcomeEffect TypeEffect Size
Lactobacillus reuteri HA-188Enhanced Adherence to Intestinal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri HA-188Increased Acid ResistanceBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri HA-188Increased Histamine ProductionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri HA-188Increased Reuterin Production in Colonic EnvironmentBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri HA-188Reduced Risk of Necrotizing EnterocolitisBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14REnhanced Acidic Condition ResistanceBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14REnhanced Adherence to Intestinal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14RIncreased Antimicrobial Reuterin ProductionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14RIncreased Production of Anti-inflammatory HistamineBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri MAK02L14RReduced Risk of Necrotizing EnterocolitisBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242Enhanced Acidic Condition ResistanceBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242Enhanced Adherence to Intestinal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242Reduced Risk of Necrotizing EnterocolitisBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri OsfortisIncreased Acid ResistanceBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri OsfortisIncreased Histamine ProductionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri OsfortisIncreased Intestinal Epithelial Cell AdhesionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri OsfortisIncreased Reuterin Production in Colonic EnvironmentBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri OsfortisReduced Risk of Necrotizing EnterocolitisBeneficial
Large
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16Enhanced Adherence to Intestinal Epithelial CellsBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16Increased Acid ResistanceBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16Increased Histamine ProductionBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16Increased Reuterin Production in Colonic EnvironmentBeneficial
Moderate
Lactobacillus reuteri UALre-16Reduced Risk of Necrotizing EnterocolitisBeneficial
Large
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