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Gut Dysbiosis and Adult Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review.

  • 2024-12-24
  • Journal of clinical medicine 14(1)

Study Design

Type
Review
Population
adults with atopic dermatitis and healthy adults
Methods
Systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines, search in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, analyzing observational and interventional studies
Background/Objectives: Research on the relationship between gut microbiota (GM) and atopic dermatitis (AD) has seen a growing interest in recent years. The aim of this systematic review was to determine whether differences exist between the GM of adults with AD and that of healthy adults (gut dysbiosis). Methods: We conducted a systematic review based on the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). The search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Observational and interventional studies were analyzed. Results: Although the studies showed heterogeneous results, some distinguishing characteristics were found in the intestinal microbial composition of adults with dermatitis. Even though no significant differences in diversity were found between healthy and affected adults, certain microorganisms, such as Bacteroidales, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridium (perfringens), were more characteristic of the fecal microbiota in adults with AD. Healthy individuals exhibited lower abundances of aerobic bacteria and higher abundances of short-chain fatty acid-producing species and polyamines. Clinical trials showed that the consumption of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus), fecal microbiota transplants, and balneotherapy modified the fecal microbiota composition of participants and were associated with significant improvements in disease management. Conclusions: In anticipation of forthcoming clinical trials, it is essential to conduct meta-analyses that comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of interventions designed to modify intestinal flora in the context of AD. Preliminary evidence suggests that certain interventions may enhance adult AD management.

Research Insights

  • Bifidobacterium→Improved Atopic Dermatitis Management

    Clinical trials showed that the consumption of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus) ... were associated with significant improvements in disease management.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small
  • Lactobacillus→Improved Atopic Dermatitis Management

    Clinical trials showed that the consumption of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus) ... were associated with significant improvements in disease management.

    Effect
    Beneficial
    Effect size
    Small

Adverse Events Reported

  • Bifidobacterium→Overall tolerability

    Clinical trials showed that the consumption of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus), fecal microbiota transplants, and balneotherapy modified the fecal microbiota composition of participants and were associated with significant improvements in disease management.

    Finding
    Reported
  • Lactobacillus→Overall tolerability

    Clinical trials showed that the consumption of probiotics (Bifidobacterium and/or Lactobacillus), fecal microbiota transplants, and balneotherapy modified the fecal microbiota composition of participants and were associated with significant improvements in disease management.

    Finding
    Reported
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