Gut enterotype-dependent modulation of gut microbiota and their metabolism in response to xanthohumol supplementation in healthy adults.
- 2024-02-15
- Gut microbes 16(1)
- Paige E Jamieson
- Eli B Smart
- John A Bouranis
- Jaewoo Choi
- Robert E Danczak
- Carmen P Wong
- Ines L Paraiso
- Claudia S Maier
- Emily Ho
- Thomas J Sharpton
- Thomas O Metz
- Ryan Bradley
- Jan F Stevens
- PubMed: 38358253
- DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2315633
Study Design
- Type
- Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)
- Population
- 30 healthy adults
- Methods
- randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial; 24 mg/day XN or placebo for 8 weeks; 16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantification of bacterial metabolites
- Blinding
- Triple-blind
- Duration
- 8 weeks
- Funding
- Unclear
Xanthohumol (XN), a polyphenol found in the hop plant (Humulus lupulus), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, prebiotic, and anti-hyperlipidemic activity. Preclinical evidence suggests the gut microbiome is essential in mediating these bioactivities; however, relatively little is known about XN's impact on human gut microbiota in vivo. We conducted a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03735420) to determine safety and tolerability of XN in healthy adults. Thirty healthy participants were randomized to 24 mg/day XN or placebo for 8 weeks. As secondary outcomes, quantification of bacterial metabolites and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were utilized to explore the relationships between XN supplementation, gut microbiota, and biomarkers of gut health. Although XN did not significantly change gut microbiota composition, it did re-shape individual taxa in an enterotype-dependent manner. High levels of inter-individual variation in metabolic profiles and bioavailability of XN metabolites were observed. Moreover, reductions in microbiota-derived bile acid metabolism were observed, which were specific to Prevotella and Ruminococcus enterotypes. These results suggest interactions between XN and gut microbiota in healthy adults are highly inter-individualized and potentially indicate that XN elicits effects on gut health in an enterotype-dependent manner.
Research Insights
reductions in microbiota-derived bile acid metabolism were observed, which were specific to Prevotella and Ruminococcus enterotypes.
- Effect
- Beneficial
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 24 mg/day
Although XN did not significantly change gut microbiota composition, it did re-shape individual taxa in an enterotype-dependent manner.
- Effect
- Neutral
- Effect size
- Small
- Dose
- 24 mg/day
Adverse Events Reported
We conducted a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03735420) to determine safety and tolerability of XN in healthy adults.
- Finding
- Reported